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. 2010 Dec 15;7(12):4213–4237. doi: 10.3390/ijerph7124213

Table 2.

Geometric mean and geometric standard deviations of PGEs, terpenes, Texanols, BBzP and DEHP in the homes.

PGEs Terpenes Texanols BBzP a)b) DEHP a)b)
nb) GM ± GSD (μg/m3) nb) GM ± GSD (μg/m3) nb) GM ± GSD (μg/m3) n GM ± GSD (μg/m3) n GM ± GSD (μg/m3)
Suspected Sources
Water-based cleaning frequency
P-for-linear-trend 0.046 0.800 0.522 0.048 0.026
≥ Once / week 121 5.40 ± 3.42c) 121 21.14 ± 2.77 30 4.16 ± 3.79 95 0.18 ± 2.77 109 0.86 ± 2.68
Every other week 99 3.94 ± 3.51 99 24.25 ± 2.87 26 3.91 ± 2.46 72 0.17 ± 2.57 85 0.88 ± 2.72
≤ Once / month 165 3.13 ± 3.16 165 23.09 ± 2.34 38 4.71 ± 3.25 125 0.14 ± 2.42 151 0.68 ± 2.48
At least one room was repainted prior to/following the child’s birth
P-for-ANOVA 0.014 0.320 0.851 0.292 0.457
Yes 247 4.28 ± 3.47 247 23.07 ± 2.62 66 4.64 ± 3.15 190 0.17 ± 2.67 224 0.80 ± 2.58
No 143 3.37 ± 3.18 143 21.49 ± 2.68 29 3.70 ± 3.18 106 0.15 ± 2.40 127 0.73 ± 2.68
Flooring material, child’s bedroom
P-for-ANOVA 0.110 0.382 0.178 0.000 0.002
Linoleum 13 4.44 ± 3.89 13 22.77 ± 1.95 13 1.61 ± 1.03 12 0.12 ± 3.39 13 0.54 ± 2.98
PVC 211 4.42 ± 3.35 211 22.21 ± 2.64 211 4.25 ± 3.11 171 0.20 ± 2.46 188 0.95 ± 2.59
Wood 120 3.36 ± 3.43 120 24.44 ± 2.57 120 5.62 ± 3.40 82 0.11 ± 2.53 106 0.60 ± 2.42
Laminate 39 3.81 ± 3.11 39 21.25 ± 2.87 39 2.13 ± 1.71 25 0.16 ± 2.31 37 0.65 ± 2.81
Other d) 7 1.32 ± 1.89 7 10.26 ± 3.41 7 6 0.13 ± 1.40 7 0.79 ± 1.75
Age of surface materials in the child’s bedroom
P-for-linear-trend 0.049 0.556 0.073 0.727 0.027
Very old 19 3.15 ± 3.23 19 21.82 ± 2.02 5 1.22 ± 2.16 15 0.17 ± 2.90 18 0.99 ± 1.98
Old 76 3.51 ± 3.31 76 26.04 ± 2.39 16 3.07 ± 3.22 56 0.16 ± 2.87 70 0.88 ± 2.92
Mixture of old/new 136 3.77 ± 3.35 136 20.69 ± 3.02 33 6.28 ± 2.77 104 0.15 ± 2.19 122 0.74 ± 2.47
Overall new 112 3.65 ± 3.31 112 21.96 ± 2.52 31 3.95 ± 3.02 90 0.17 ± 2.91 101 0.76 ± 2.72
Newest 38 6.42 ± 3.54 38 22.65 ± 2.54 7 5.60 ± 4.31 27 0.15 ± 2.11 33 0.57 ± 2.13
Building type
P-for-ANOVA 0.805 0.706 0.096 0.308 0.509
Single family house 321 3.85 ± 3.31 321 23.16 ± 2.64 83 4.65 ± 3.17 243 0.16 ± 2.56 291 0.75 ± 2.57
Two family house 22 4.65 ± 4.27 22 21.52 ± 2.08 3 7.80 ± 4.20 16 0.15 ± 2.14 19 0.81 ± 2.43
Multifamily house 44 3.94 ± 3.50 44 18.69 ± 2.96 8 1.83 ± 2.01 34 0.15 ± 2.94 39 0.94 ± 3.09
Another 3 6.35 ± 4.73 3 18.76 ± 1.53 1 2.35 ± -- 3 0.43 ± 1.38 2 0.49 ± 1.34
Secondhand smoke
P-for-ANOVA 0.755 0.394 0.355 0.421 0.632
Yes 67 4.07 ± 3.16 67 20.34 ± 3.19 17 3.16 ± 3.09 55 0.17 ± 2.54 63 0.82 ± 2.58
No 313 3.87 ± 3.40 313 22.73 ± 2.52 75 4.59 ± 3.20 235 0.16 ± 2.60 280 0.77 ± 2.63
Suspected Modifiers
Quartiles of excess indoor water vapor content over outdoor content (g/m3)
P-for-linear-trend <0.001 0.137 0.031 0.007 0.165
< 1.539 84 2.98 ± 3.18 84 21.28 ± 2.45 20 2.52 ± 2.77 65 0.12 ± 2.19 80 0.68 ± 2.61
1.539 - 2.156 84 4.04 ± 3.43 84 20.60 ± 2.75 18 5.09 ± 3.08 67 0.17 ± 2.17 82 0.78 ± 2.21
2.157 - 2.947 84 3.11 ± 3.30 84 18.92 ± 2.77 14 4.13 ± 4.06 59 0.16 ± 2.53 69 0.72 ± 2.91
≥ 2.948 84 6.51 ± 3.24c) 84 27.58 ± 2.39 30 5.79 ± 3.05 66 0.20 ± 3.45 75 0.88 ± 2.82
Quartiles of Temperature (°C)
P-for-linear-trend 0.003 0.279 0.323 0.064 0.589
< 20.18 96 2.75 ± 2.90 96 19.95 ± 2.72 20 5.67 ± 2.53 71 0.13 ± 2.37 87 0.72 ± 2.72
20.18 - 20.96 98 4.86 ± 3.27 98 24.26 ± 2.45 24 4.21 ± 3.77 75 0.16 ± 2.36 87 0.84 ± 2.72
20.97 - 21.67 97 3.32 ± 3.36 97 21.10 ± 2.80 25 4.06 ± 3.46 71 0.17 ± 3.13 84 0.70 ± 2.69
≥ 21.68 98 5.32 ± 3.64c) 98 24.50 ± 2.56 25 3.92 ± 2.95 78 0.18 ± 2.47 92 0.83 ± 2.38
Quartiles of ventilation rate, child’s bedroom (air change / hr)
P-for-linear-trend 0.198 0.372 0.111 0.125 0.006
< 0.220 94 4.64 ± 3.52 94 25.19 ± 2.49 24 6.28 ± 2.44 71 0.15 ± 2.25 82 0.69 ± 2.57
0.220 - 0.315 93 4.09 ± 3.48 93 22.16 ± 2.73 27 3.90 ± 3.05 76 0.14 ± 3.10 90 0.61 ± 2.78
0.316 - 0.435 94 3.65 ± 3.16 94 21.89 ± 2.42 22 4.23 ± 4.23 74 0.18 ± 2.53 86 0.85 ± 2.52
≥ 0.436 97 3.78 ± 3.40 97 22.19 ± 2.73 18 3.33 ± 3.24 69 0.17 ± 2.43 85 0.95 ± 2.44
Type of ventilation system at home
P-for-ANOVA 0.552 0.840 0.015 0.175 0.572
Natural, and do not use a kitchen fan 20 2.81 ± 3.55 20 23.44 ± 1.83 8 3.43 ± 3.04 15 0.19 ± 3.02 18 0.75 ± 4.08
Natural and use a kitchen fan 229 4.29 ± 3.37 229 22.75 ± 2.85 62 5.09 ± 3.15 171 0.16 ± 2.57 211 0.76 ± 2.63
Exhaust air system 92 3.95 ± 3.62 92 20.80 ± 2.52 19 3.79 ± 3.03 73 0.17 ± 2.53 79 0.86 ± 2.49
Exhaust & supply air system 12 3.46 ± 3.02 12 15.91 ± 3.29 4 1.35 ± 1.61 9 0.16 ± 2.54 10 0.88 ± 1.93
Exhaust & supply with heat recovery 25 3.39 ± 2.82 25 27.41 ± 1.86 1 0.63 ± -- 18 0.15 ± 2.63 21 0.74 ± 2.19
Other 7 1.76 ± 2.24 7 22.65 ± 1.73 7 0.08 ± 2.43 7 0.39 ± 2.52
Water damage since spring 2000
P-for-ANOVA 0.915 0.813 0.110 0.764 0.625
Yes 42 4.00 ± 3.77 42 21.94 ± 3.40 5 1.95 ± 2.65 33 0.15 ± 2.56 40 0.82 ± 3.15
No 344 3.91 ± 3.34 344 22.78 ± 2.55 89 4.56 ± 3.16 259 0.16 ± 2.60 306 0.76 ± 2.56
Building Inspector Rating
First impression of stuffy or unventilated air
P-for-ANOVA 0.027 0.029 0.925 0.207 0.367
Obvious 33 6.76 ± 3.81 33 31.77 ± 2.14 9 8.22 ± 3.29 26 0.20 ± 2.09 29 1.02 ± 2.00
Weak 85 3.79 ± 3.41 85 19.85 ± 3.08 18 8.65 ± 3.97 64 0.15 ± 2.79 75 0.85 ± 2.74
P-for-ANOVA 0.027 0.029 0.925 0.207 0.367
Obvious 33 6.76 ± 3.81 33 31.77 ± 2.14 9 8.22 ± 3.29 26 0.20 ± 2.09 29 1.02 ± 2.00
Weak 85 3.79 ± 3.41 85 19.85 ± 3.08 18 8.65 ± 3.97 64 0.15 ± 2.79 75 0.85 ± 2.74
Stuffy, earthy, or microbial smell
P-for-ANOVA 0.954 0.688 0.111 0.640 0.436
Obvious 39 3.36 ± 3.21 39 25.38 ± 2.67 8 2.20 ± 2.56 30 0.15 ± 2.58 38 0.85 ± 2.85
Weak 47 3.31 ± 3.51 47 23.20 ± 2.92 11 5.80 ± 4.10 35 0.14 ± 2.48 42 0.70 ± 3.05
Chemical smell
P-for-ANOVA 0.451 0.950 0.137 0.865 0.429
Obvious 13 2.47 ± 2.26 13 26.86 ± 3.53 1 3.84 ± -- 7 0.14 ± 3.25 12 0.60 ± 4.13
Weak 29 3.41 ± 4.13 29 27.57 ± 3.44 3 22.33 ± 1.88 26 0.13 ± 2.57 27 0.84 ± 2.91
a)

Sample size is reduced because only dust samples >25 mg are considered [30].

b)

Reflects the number of respondents to given question.

c)

The cut-off level of significant association for Bonferroni-corrected pair-wise comparison of specific categories was 0.00652. The cut-off value for the significant association for ANOVA was 0.05.

Includes three homes with wall-to-wall carpet and four homes with ‘other’ type.