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. 2011 Jan 6;8(1):97–104. doi: 10.3390/ijerph8010097

Table 1.

Organisms found after self-contamination of hands, and handwashing with either soap, water only, or no handwashing.

Faecal Bacteria No Handwashing Water only Soap and water
Enterococcus spp. 46 (29%) 24 (15%) 4 (3%)
Enterobacter amnigenus 14 (9%) 4 (3%) 4 (3%)
Enterobacter cloacae 13 (8%) 5 (3%) 2 (1%)
Shigella spp. 2 (1%) 1 (1%) 0 (0%)
Klebsiella spp. 5 (3%) 2 (1%) 1 (1%)
E. coli spp. 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 1 (1%)
Pantoea spp. 0 (0%) 2 (1%) 1 (1%)

Multiple isolations 10 (6%) 2 (1%) 0 (0%)
Any bacteria 70 (44%) 36 (23%) 13 (8%)

Total 160 (100%) 160 (100%) 160 (100%)