Table 1.

Outcome of Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Transnasal Approach to the Craniocervical Junction

Patient Age (y)/Sex	Indication for Surgery	Duration of Surgery (min)	Blood Loss	Complication	Cervical Spine Fusion	Surgical Outcome
85/male	Rheumatoid pannus with C1–C2 stenosis	220	<250 mL	Intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak	One month postoperative	Improved symptoms
52/male	Biopsy lytic lesion of C2, c-spine fusion	470	1 L	Venous bleed from tumor	Intraoperative	Postoperative radiation
52/female	Platybasia, Chiari 1 malformation, basilar invagination	320	<200 mL	None	Three weeks postoperative	Correction of Chiari malformation three weeks postoperatively
6/male	Biopsy C2 lesion, c-spine fusion	295	<200 mL	None	Intraoperative	Excision of tumor via external approach