TABLE 3.
24-h AUC of endocrine/metabolic variables during consumption of sucrose- and HFCS-sweetened beverages with meals
| All | Women <32% BF | Women >32% BF | Men <22% BF | Men >22% BF | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUC | n | 34 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 |
| Glucose (mg/dl*23hr) | Sucrose | 222.2 ± 27.2 | 278.7 ± 41.1 | 243.0 ± 55.6 | 209.6 ± 41.7 | 166.2 ± 72.6 |
| HFCS | 226.8 ± 25.2 | 299.6 ± 40.4 | 276.0 ± 46.5 | 210.5 ± 52.4 | 134.6 ± 47.0 | |
| Insulin1 (μU/ml*23hr) | Sucrose | 381.1 ± 48.9 | 321.2 ± 64.5 | 544.3 ± 164.4 | 237.7 ± 31.6 | 432.6 ± 75.7 |
| HFCS | 344.4 ± 43.3 | 255.0 ± 42.9 | 515.9 ± 148.9 | 221.1 ± 25.3 | 394.8 ± 59.5 | |
| Leptin2 (ng/ml*24hr) | Sucrose | 57.0 ± 10.4 | 56.4 ± 18.0 | 120.1 ± 28.2 | 19.2 ± 3.9 | 39.3 ± 11.34 |
| HFCS | 57.2 ± 9.5 | 61.3 ± 13.8 | 117.6 ± 24.4 | 18.6 ± 5.0 | 38.5 ± 11.25 | |
| Ghrelin (pg/ml*23hr) | Sucrose | -933.6 ± 234.8 | -1,677.9 ± 786.1 | -841.1 ± 294.2 | -685.9 ± 350.1 | -602.0 ± 323.9 |
| HFCS | -897.2 ± 188.1 | -1,331.7 ± 358.4 | -547.2 ± 496.6 | -946.2 ± 341.2 | -773.2 ± 326.7 | |
| TG3 (mg/dl*23hr) | Sucrose | 793.3 ± 135.8 | 359.5 ± 153.1 | 398.7 ± 145.3 | 1,017.3 ± 344.5 | 1,305.8 ± 238.44 |
| HFCS | 611.1 ± 132.1 | -29.2 ± 184.2 | 315.2 ± 257.2 | 978.2 ± 177.4 | 1,076.2 ± 251.85 | |
| FFA2 (mEq/l*23hr) | Sucrose | -3.0 ± 0.4 | -3.7 ± 1.1 | -3.8 ± 0.9 | -2.4 ± 0.6 | -2.2 ± 0.36 |
| HFCS | -3.5 ± 0.4 | -4.3 ± 1.1 | -4.7 ± 0.8 | -2.3 ± 0.5 | -2.8 ± 0.34 |
Mean ± SEM
General linear model for repeated measures for the interaction of sugar and gender, adiposity and age group.
Sugar p = 0.016; Sugar × Age p < 0.001.
Sugar × Age interaction for insulin tested for within age group difference by paired t test (cutoff 35 years; n=17/group).
Subjects ± 35 years: Mean insulin AUC = 398.5±53.4 μU/ml*23hr sucrose, 310.6±39.4 μU/ml*23hr HFCS; p=0.0011.
Subjects ± 35 years: Mean insulin AUC = 363.6±83.5 μU/ml*23hr sucrose, 378.2±77.7 μU/ml*23hr HFCS; p=0.51.
All other Sugar × between subject factors p > 0.05.
Gender difference by general linear model (p<0.05).
Gender difference by general linear model (p<0.01).
Variables with significant gender differences tested for between gender group difference by unpaired t test (Female: n=16, Male: n=18; p<0.01).
Variables with significant gender differences tested for between gender group difference by unpaired t test (Female: n=16, Male: n=18; p<0.001).
Variables with significant gender differences tested for between gender group difference by unpaired t test (Female: n=16, Male: n=18; NS).
All other between subject factors and 2- and 3-way interactions p > 0.05.