Figure 3.

hUCMSC osteo-differentiation and mineralization while encapsulated inside hydrogel beads, inside CPC, and inside CPC-chitosan-fiber scaffold. The bead diameter was 2.2 mm. The fiber length was 8 mm. (A) ALP was measured with a p-nitrophenyl phosphate assay (mean ± SD; n = 5). Minerals synthesized by the hUCMSCs were stained by xylenol orange and emitted red fluorescence. (B) hUCMSCs in hydrogel at 7 days had minimal mineralization. (C) hUCMSCs in hydrogel at 21 days had more mineral. (D) hUCMSCs in beads in CPC at 21 days. (E) hUCMSCs in CPC-chitosan-fiber scaffold at 21 days.