Molecular structure of LPS-Re of E. coli (left). Schematic representation of the different LPSs used in this work (right). Gal, galactopyranose; Glc, glucopyranose; GlcN, 2-amino-2-deoxyglucopyranose; Hep, L-glycero-α-D-manno-heptopyranose; Kdo, 3-deoxy-α-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosonic acid; P, phosphate. For more details, see Caroff and Karibian (2).