Table 1.

Improvements in the cloning and recovery of cryopreserved human pluripotent stem cells.

Action taken	Results	Ref.
Neurotrophins added during the cloning of hESCs	Cloning efficiency increased >30-fold	[19]
Y-27632 added during clonal growth of hESCs	Cloning efficiency increased >25-fold	[20,21]
Y-27632 added before cryopreservation of hESCs	Colony number increased ~twofold	[21]
Y-27632 added after hESCs are thawed	Colony number and size increased ~eightfold	[25]
Fasudil added after hESCs are thawed	Colony number increased ~fourfold	[25]
Y-27632 added 5 days after hESCs are thawed	Colony number increased ~twofold in 24 h	[25]
Y-27632 added to hESCs after subculture	Colony number and size increased ~12-fold	[25]
Y-27632 added to hESCs 5 days after subculture	No increase in colony number	[25]
Y-27632 added to iPS cells after being thawed	Colony number increased ~sixfold	[25]
Y-27632 added to iPS cells after subculture	Colony number increased ~fourfold	[25]

hESC: Human embryonic stem cell; iPS: Induced pluripotent stem.