Table 5.
Evidence table of studies that compared circulating ghrelin levels in Hp+ and Hp- individuals
| Reference & Country | Study Team | Design | Healthy | Gender | Age | Method of H pylori assessment | Ghrelin assay kit | Overnight fast | Sample storage | Sample type | Weight | Sample size | Ghrelin levels in Hp+ vs Hp- |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kawashima et al, 2009; Japan [38] | A | Cohort | Both | Both | Adults | Serology | Commercial EIA | Yes | -80 | Plasma | Normal | 220 | Lower |
| Plonka et al, 2006; Poland [32] | B | Cohort | Healthy | Both | Both | Modified UBT plus ELISA | Commercial RIA | Yes | -80 | Serum | 538 | Lower | |
| Isomoto et al, 2005; Japan[36] | C | Cohort | Sick | Both | Adults | RUT, histology (Giemsa stain) | In-house RIA | Yes | -80 | Plasma | Normal | 81 | Lower |
| Roper et al, 2008; USA [18] | D | Cross-sectional | Healthy | Men | Adults | serology, histology & RUT or positive culture | Commercial EIA | Yes | -20 | Serum | Normal | 256 | No Difference |
| Pacifico et al, 2008; Italy [26] | E | Cohort | Both | Both | Children | Culture of gastric specimen or histology + RUT | Commercial RIA | Yes | -70 | Serum | Normal | 85 | No Difference |
| Gokcel, 2003; Turkey [3] | F | Case control | Sick | Women | Adults | Not stated | Commercial EIA | Yes | Not stated | Plasma | Normal | 39 | No Difference |
| Plonka et al, 2006; Poland [43] | B | Case control | Healthy | Both | Children | Serology and UBT | Commercial RIA | Yes | -80 | Serum | Various | 287 | Lower |
| Shiotani et al, 2005; Japan [21] | G | Case control | Healthy | Both | Adults | Detection of HP IgG ab in the urine | Commercial ELISA | Yes | Not stated | Serum | Various | 132 | Lower |
| Osawa et al, 2005; Japan [40] | C | Case control | Sick | Men | Adults | Culture & histology | In-house RIA | Yes | -30 | Plasma | Normal | 160 | Lower |
| Chuang et al*, 2009; Taiwan [30] | H | Cross-sectional | Sick | Men | Adults | Not described | Commercial RIA | Yes | -72 | Plasma | low to normal | 145 | Lower |
| Chuang et al*, 2009; Taiwan [30] | H | Cross-sectional | Sick | Women | Adults | Not described | Commercial RIA | Yes | -72 | Plasma | low to normal | 196 | No Difference |
| Alonso et al, 2007; Spain[42] | P | Cross-sectional | Sick | Both | Adults | UBT, histology (Giemsa stain) | Commercial RIA | Yes | -80 | Plasma | Normal | 15 | Lower |
| Salles et al, 2006; France[19] | I | Cross-sectional | Sick | Both | Adults | UBT, serology, culture, histology & PCR | Commercial RIA | Yes | -80 | Plasma | low to normal | 62 | Lower |
| Jun et al, 2007; Korea [37] | J | Cross-sectional | Sick | Both | Adults | RUT, histology (Giemsa stain) | Commercial RIA | Yes | -70 | Plasma | Normal | 63 | No Difference |
| D'Onghia et al, 2007; Italy [31] | K | Case control | Both | Both | Adults | ELISA | RIA | Yes | -20 | Serum | Various | 79 | Lower |
| Gao et al, 2009; China [15] | L | Case control | Healthy | Both | Adults | Serology & UBT. | Commercial RIA | Yes | -80 | Plasma | Normal | 100 | Lower |
| Isomoto et al, 2005; Japan[35] | C | Cross-sectional | Sick | Both | Adults | Anti-IgG antibody, 13C-UBT, or RUT | In-house RIA | Yes | -80 | Plasma | Normal | 89 | Lower |
| Isomoto et al, 2005; Japan[41] | C | Cross- sectional | Sick | Both | Adults | Serology, UBT or RUT | In-house RIA | Yes | -80 | Plasma | Normal | 249 | Lower |
| An et al, 2007; Korea[33] | Q | Cohort | Sick | Both | Adults | Not stated | Commercial ELISA | Yes | -70 | Plasma | Normal | 41 | No difference |
| Nishi et al, 2005; Japan [39] | C | Cross-sectional | Both | Both | Adults | Serology & UBT | In-house RIA | Yes | -80 | Plasma | Normal | 74 | Lower |
| Czesnikiewicz-Guzik et al, 2005; Poland [12] | B | Cross-sectional | Healthy | Women | Adults | UBT | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Serum | Not Stated | 100 | Lower |
| Konturek et al, 2006; Poland [17] | B | Cross-sectional | Healthy | Both | Both | UBT & serology | Human RIA | Yes | -80 | Serum | Not Stated | 180 | Lower |
| Cindoruk et al, 2007; Turkey [11] | M | Cohort | Sick | Both | Adults | Either histology or UBT | RIA | Yes | -80 | Plasma | Normal | 50 | No Difference |
| Isomoto et al, 2004; Japan [34] | C | Cohort | Sick | Both | Adults | Serology | Commercial RIA | Yes | -80 | Plasma | Normal | 68 | Lower |
| de Martel, 2007; USA [14] | N | Case control | Sick | Both | Adults | In-house ELISA | Commercial ELISA | Yes | -80 | Serum | Various | 110 | No Difference |
| Shak et al, 2008, USA[45] | R | Cohort | Healthy | Both | Adults | Serology | Commercial EIA | Yes | -20 | Plasma | Obese | 24 | No difference |
| Uzzan et al, 2007[44] | S | Cohort | Healthy | Both | Adults | Histology | Commercial RIA | Yes | Not stated | Serum | Obese | 13 | No difference |
* These are from the same paper reporting the same study but were separated because the analysis was stratified by gender and the results for males and females were completely different; hence the decision to separate them.