Table 3.
Causes of potentially reversible cognitive impairment or dementia
| Neurosurgical conditions | Neuroinfections and inflammations | Metabolic conditions | Others |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subdural hematoma | Meningitis (tubercular, fungal, malignant) | Hypo and hyper thyroidism, | Depression |
| Hashimotos encephalits | |||
| Normal pressure hydrocephalous | Encephalitis (limbic, HIV, herpes) | Hypo and hyper parathyroididsm | Epilepsy |
| Intracranial tumors | Cerebral vasculitis | Pituitary insufficiency | Drugs and toxins |
| Intracranial empyema or abscess | Neurosyphilis | Hypercalcemia | Alcohol abuse |
| Lyme’s disease | Cushing’s disease | Sleep apnea | |
| Whipple’s disease | Addison’s disease | Limbic encephalitis (neoplastic/ autoimmune) | |
| Sarcoidosis | Hypoglycemia | ||
| Vitamin deficiencies (B1, B6, B12, and folate) | |||
| Chronic liver failure | |||
| Chronic respiratory failure | |||
| Chronic renal failure | |||
| Wilson’s disease |