Table 6. Effect of IPTc on prevalence of parasitaemia, dhps and dhfr resistance markers measured at cross sectional surveys during the intervention year.

	Study	Arm	Children with asexual ParasitaemiaA % (N)	p-valueB	Parasite carriage of resistance markers				Estimated minimum prevalence of resistant parasitaemia amongst children
					dhfr triple mutation % (N)	p-valueB	dhps 437 mutation % (N)	p-valueB	dhfr triple mutation %	dhps 437 mutation %
Pre-intervention
Cisse (2006) [20]	Niakhar	SP+AS	37 (516)	0.77	51 (71)	0.06	28 (67)	0.92	19	10
		Placebo	36 (512)	-	67 (69)	-	29 (72)	-	24	11
Dicko (2008) [21]	Kambila	SP bimonthly	36 (53)	0.14	-	-	-	-	-	-
		Control	23 (53)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Dicko (2011) [12]	Kati Region	SP+AQ	-	-	59 (41)	-	38 (41)	-	-	-
		Placebo	-	-					-	-
Konaté (2011) [13]	Boussé	SP+AQ	-	-	33 (132)	-		-	-	-
		Placebo	-	-					-	-
Sesay (2011) [23]	Farafenni	SP+AQ	0.5 (639)	0.99	-	-	-	-	-	-
		Placebo	0.5 (638)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Post-intervention
Cisse (2006) [20]	Niakhar	SP+AS	14 (440)	<0.001	95 (41)	0.01	86 (28)	<0.001	13	12
		Placebo	37 (446)	-	75 (122)	-	44 (89)	-	28	16
Kweku (2008) [22]	Hohoe	SP bimonthly	16 (550)	0.14	90 (51)	0.41	63 (54)	0.33	14	10
		AS+AQ bimonthly	22 (464)	0.29	84 (55)	0.86	63 (51)	0.35	18	14
		AS+AQ monthly	5 (559)	<0.001	92 (13)	0.49	45 (11)	0.62	4	2
		Placebo	20 (589)	-	85 (53)	-	54 (54)	-	17	11
Dicko (2008) [21]	Kambila	SP bimonthly	4 (55)	0.04	-	-	-	-	-	-
		Control	15 (54)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Dicko (2011) [12]	Kati Region	SP+AQ	7 (1405)	<0.001	49 (83)	0.02	68 (83)	<0.001	5	6
		Placebo	13 (1423)	-	34 (160)		44 (165)		6	8
Konaté (2011) [13]	Boussé	SP+AQ	11 (1436)	<0.001	50 (114)	0.61			6	-
		Placebo	42 (1430)	-	53 (122)				22	-
Sesay (2011) [23]	Farafenni	SP+AQ	0.6 (513)	0.52	-	-	-	-	-	-
		Placebo	0.9 (533)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

^AAny density parasitaemia,

^BChi² test, AQ: amodiaquine, AS: artesunate, DHA: dihydroartemisinin, N = total number of samples analysed, PQ: piperaquine, SP: sulphadoxine pyrimethamine.