Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Eur J Neurosci. 2010 Dec 29;33(4):736–747. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2010.07553.x

Figure 1. Motivated behavior summary.

Figure 1

Changes in eating duration (A), drinking duration (B), food intake (C) and defensive treading behavior (D) elicited by vehicle or LY341495 microinjections into NAc shell. Directional orientation of defensive treading (E) elicited by LY341495 is shown by size of arrows pointing from rat and size of semi-circles in each direction (numbers are mean percentage of treading in each direction). Defensive treading was typically pointed at the transparent front of the chamber (which revealed sights of the experimenter and objects in the room beyond), or at corners of the plastic tub chambers (which may have reflected back bright patterns of light). We interpret the directedness of treading as indicating that the behavior was fearfully motivated and targeted toward specific stimuli that the rat perceived as most threatening, rather than merely a motor stereotypy. Data shown are combined for rats with rostral and caudal microinjection sites. Error bars indicate SEM, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.