A) Rat TS cells were cultured under stem cell or differentiation conditions for the indicated days, harvested, and RNA extracted. qRT-PCR was used to estimate transcript levels for Prl3b1, Prl5a1, Prl2a1, Prl7b1, Tpbpa, Gcm1, Gjb3, Cdh5, Adm, and Hand1. Transcript levels were normalized to 18S RNA. Ratios of tested gene CT value to 18S CT value (18S CT value: 13.63 ± 0.027) at peak expression: Prl3b1, 1.37; Prl5a1, 1.66; Prl2a1, 1.11; Prl7b1, 2.22; Tpbpa, 1.84; Gcm1, 2.47; Gjb3, 1.42; Cdh5, 1.68; Adm, 1.53; Hand1, 1.27. Bars represent means ± the standard error of the mean. Differentiation expression values significantly different from the stem cell level of expression are indicated with an asterisk (*P<0.05).