Table 2.
Composition of (daily) micronutrient, macronutrient and fatty acid interventions in studies included in the systematic review
Vit. A (mcg RAE) | B1 (mg) | B2(mg) | B3 (mg) | B6 (mg) | B12 (mcg) | Folic acid (mg) | Vit. C (mg) | Vit. D (IU) | Vit. E (mg) | Iron (mg) | Zinc (mg) | Cu (mg) | I (mcg) | Se (mcg) | DHA (g) | EPA (g) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Caulfield et al. [13] "zinc + iron + folic acid" |
- | - | - | - | - | - | 250 | - | - | - | 60 | 25 | - | - | - | - | - |
Caulfield et al. [13] "iron + folic acid" |
- | - | - | - | - | - | 250 | - | - | - | 60 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Dunstan et al. [31] | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 12 | - | - | - | - | - | 2.2 | 1.1 |
Hamadani et al. [22] | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 30 | - | - | - | - | - |
Helland et al. [15,16] | 1170 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 400 | 14 | - | - | - | - | - | 1.2 | 0.8 |
Innis & Friesen [19] | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.4 | - |
a,bJoos et al. [25] "HCHP drink" |
1500 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 20.0 | 1.6 | 2.0 | - | 75 | 400 | 6.7 | 12 | - | 1.0 | - | - | - | - |
bJoos et al. [25] "LCLP drink" |
* | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | - | - |
cJudge et al. [17,18] | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.2 | - |
Li et al. [26] "MVM" |
800 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 18 | 1.9 | 2.6 | 0.4 | 70 | 200 | 10 | 30 | 15 | 2.0 | 150 | 65 | - | - |
Li et al. [26] "iron + folic acid" |
- | - | - | - | - | - | 0.4 | - | - | - | 60 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Li et al. [26] "folic acid" |
- | - | - | - | - | - | 0.4 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Malcolm et al. [20] | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.2 | - |
dMcGrath et al. [27] "vitamin A" |
6000 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
McGrath et al. [27] "MVM-A" |
- | 20 | 20 | 100 | 25 | 50 | 0.8 | 500 | - | 30 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
dMcGrath et al. [27] "MVM+A" |
6000 | 20 | 20 | 100 | 25 | 50 | 0.8 | 500 | - | 30 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Parsons et al. [21] | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 20 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Schmidt et al. [28] "iron + folic acid + vitamin A" |
4800 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.5 | - | - | - | 120 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Schmidt et al. [28] "iron + folic acid" |
- | - | - | - | - | - | 0.5 | - | - | - | 120 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Schmidt et al. [28] "LD iron + LD folic acid" |
- | - | - | - | - | - | 0.25 | - | - | - | 90 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Tamura et al. [29] | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 25 | - | - | - | - | - |
Tofail et al. [23] | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.2 | 1.8 |
eTofail et al. [24] "food + MVM" |
800 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 18 | 1.9 | 2.6 | 0.4 | 70 | 200 | 10 | 30 | 15 | 2 | 150 | 65 | - | - |
eTofail et al. [24] "food + Fe60" |
- | - | - | - | - | - | 0.4 | - | - | - | 60 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
eTofail et al. [24] "food + Fe30" |
- | - | - | - | - | - | 0.4 | - | - | - | 30 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Zhou et al. [30] | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 20 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
*Nutrient content not quantified in study protocol
Additional compositions:
aJoos et al. [25] - calcium 1000 mg, phosphorus 800 mg, sodium 400 mg, potassium 1.8 g, manganese 2 mg, fibre 1.1 g, 800 kcal, protein 40 g
bJoos et al. [25] - additional vitamins and minerals provided by multivitamin-mineral tablet were unspecified
cJudge et al. [17,18] - 70 kcal, protein 1 g, carbohydrate 15 g
dMcGrath et al. [27] - vitamin A dose provided as 30 mg beta-carotene (4500 mcg RAE) and 5000 IU (1500 mcg RAE) preformed vitamin A
eTofail et al. [24] - quantity of daily protein provided by food packets was unspecified
Abbreviation definitions:
Vit. = vitamin
B1 - Thiamine
B2 - Riboflavin
B3 - Niacin
B6 - Pyridoxine
B12 - Cobalamine
Cu - Copper
I - Iodine
Se - Selenium