Table 4.

Comparison of the frequency of CD3⁺ CD8⁺ T cells expressing cellular activation markers following cell culture in media alone or stimulation with PHA in children with autism spectrum disorders (n =29), typically developing controls (n=38).

		CD134+	CD137+	GITR+	CD3+ CD8+ CD25+	CD95+	HLA-DR+	CD69+
Media	TD	8 (5.8–14.0)	5.7 (3.2–9.9)	9.2 (6.2–15.4)	6.6 (3.9–9.3)	28.6 (15.8–43.4)	12.6 (8.0–25.6)	18.1 (12.3–28.8)
	ASD	9.8 (7.2–16.7)	7.4 (3.3–14.6)	7.1+ (5.1–11.5)	3.7 (1.9–8.9)	27.4 24.8–39.8)	14.4 (12.2–18.5)	16.5 (12.7–25.3)
PHA	TD	14.9 (9.2–21.5)	36.6 (31.6–47.3)	20.9 (12.8–38.0)	58.1 (43.3–69.0)	35.3 (21.1–50.68)	25.5 (13.7–38.0)	65.5 (55.7–75.1)
	ASD	10.3* (8.5–13.9)	45.6* (39.9–52.7)	23.7 (16.0–40.4)	40.1* (22.0–52.26)	36.1 (23.7–43.3)	25 (18.5–39.5)	69.3 (56.4–74.3)

Data are presented as median and interquartile ranges.

⁺p<0.05 unstimulated (media alone) levels in ASD children compared with unstimulated levels in typically developing controls.

^*p<0.05 stimulated responses in ASD children compared with stimulated responses in typically developing controls.