Table 2.
Experimental peck strain recording per specimen, per trial, compared with finite element (FE) model result.
| Gauge location | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
| Specimen/trial | Lat. surang. | Med. surang. | Dors. dent. | Vent. dent. | Lat. surang. | Med. surang. | Dors. dent. | Vent. dent. |
| Ostrich jaw 1 | ε max | ε max | ε max | ε max | ε min | ε min | ε min | ε min |
| 1 | 96 ± 2 | 327 ± 9 | 1071 ± 9 | 827 ± 5 | −219 ± 5 | −175 ± 6 | −455 ± 5 | −1930 ± 16 |
| 2 | 95 ± 2 | 305 ± 3 | 1007 ± 4 | 783 ± 3 | −205 ± 3 | −162 ± 3 | −425 ± 4 | −1819 ± 6 |
| 3 | 104 ± 2 | 356 ± 6 | 1092 ± 8 | 844 ± 6 | −230 ± 3 | −180 ± 5 | −461 ± 4 | −1958 ± 15 |
| 4 | 101 ± 2 | 362 ± 5 | 1087 ± 7 | 837 ± 5 | −235 ± 3 | −182 ± 4 | −459 ± 4 | −1945 ± 11 |
| Overall mean* | 99 ± 9 | 338 ± 53 | 1064 ± 79 | 823 ± 55 | −222 ± 26 | −175 ± 19 | −450 ± 34 | −1913 ± 128 |
| FEA mean E = 13.65 GPa | 52 ± 26 | 103 ± 44 | 612 ± 147 | 347 ± 37 | −33 ± 14 | −59 ± 16 | −273 ± 48 | −765 ± 105 |
| FEA mean E = 7 GPa | 102 ± 51 | 201 ± 85 | 1193 ± 287 | 672 ± 69 | −65 ± 27 | −114 ± 31 | −533 ± 94 | −1493 ± 204 |
| Ostrich jaw 2 | ε max | ε max | ε max | ε max | ε min | ε min | ε min | ε min |
| 1 | 82 ± 5 | 130 ± 3 | 296 ± 4 | 337 ± 4 | −52 ± 3 | −264 | −159 | −818 |
| 2 | 104 ± 10 | 145 ± 3 | 309 ± 4 | 348 ± 8 | −53 ± 5 | −287 | −165 | −847 |
| 3 | 104 ± 8 | 137 ± 3 | 296 ± 3 | 332 ± 6 | −54 ± 5 | −276 | −160 | −810 |
| Overall mean* | 97 ± 25 | 137 ± 15 | 300 ± 15 | 339 ± 16 | −53 ± 3 | −276 ± 23 | −161 ± 6 | −825 ± 38 |
| FEA mean E = 13.65 GPa | 58 ± 8 | 31 ± 4 | 86 ± 52 | 142 ± 14 | −147 ± 18 | −76 ± 6 | −46 ± 16 | −364 ± 40 |
| FEA mean E = 7 GPa | 110 ± 16 | 60 ± 8 | 162 ± 99 | 268 ± 26 | −278 ± 34 | −144 ± 11 | −88 ± 29 | −690 ± 76 |
| Ostrich jaw 3 | ε max | ε max | ε max | ε max | ε min | ε min | ε min | ε min |
| 2 | 558 ± 15 | 182 ± 4 | 482 ± 11 | 732 ± 5 | −231 ± 3 | −591 ± 28 | −134 ± 5 | −1476 ± 44 |
| 3 | 579 ± 10 | 193 ± 3 | 499 ± 7 | 761 ± 5 | −241 ± 4 | −609 ± 16 | −139 ± 3 | −1528 ± 22 |
| 4 | 584 ± 10 | 187 ± 3 | 507 ± 7 | 758 ± 4 | −245 ± 4 | −621 ± 17 | −140 ± 3 | −1547 ± 26 |
| Overall mean* | 574 ± 28 | 188 ± 11 | 496 ± 25 | 751 ± 31 | −239 ± 15 | −607 ± 29 | −137 ± 6 | −1517 ± 74 |
| FEA mean E = 13.65 GPa | 35 ± 22 | 116 ± 66 | 337 ± 55 | 174 ± 32 | −70 ± 64 | −58 ± 21 | −144 ± 25 | −363 ± 98 |
| FEA mean E = 7 GPa | 66 ± 42 | 220 ± 125 | 638 ± 104 | 330 ± 61 | −133 ± 121 | −111 ± 39 | −273 ± 47 | −687 ± 185 |
All values in microstrain (με). E, Young's modulus; ε max, maximum principal strain; ε min, minimum principal strain; Lat. surang., lateral surangular; Med. surang., medial surangular; Dors. dent, dorsal dentary; Vent. dent, ventral dentary.
*
Overall mean ± 2 SEM. Trial means and FE analysis (FEA) means ± 2 SD.