Table 4. OR of lung cancer and the 95% confidence intervals for occupational exposures to selected individual specific or group of agents among nonsmoking mena.
| Referents (n=536) |
Lung cancer cases (n=132)
|
Adenocarcinoma (n=89)
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Years of exposure | n (%) | n (%) | Adjusted OR1b | Adjusted OR2c | n (%) | Adjusted OR1b | Adjusted OR2c |
| Silica dust | |||||||
| Reference 1b | 516 (96.3) | 122 (92.4) | 1.00 | — | 82 (92.1) | 1.00 | — |
| Reference 2c | 344 (64.2) | 61 (46.2) | — | 1.00 | 41 (46.1) | — | 1.00 |
| 1–19 years | 11 (2.1) | 5 (3.8) | 2.23 (0.73, 6.81) | 2.68 (0.86, 8.35) | 3 (3.4) | 1.99 (0.51, 7.74) | 2.35 (0.59, 9.31) |
| ⩾20 years | 9 (1.7) | 5 (3.8) | 3.13 (0.91, 10.79) | 3.72 (1.06, 13.00) | 4 (4.5) | 4.50 (1.17, 17.33) | 5.23 (1.34, 20.44) |
| General painting work not involving spray | |||||||
| Reference 1b | 511 (95.3) | 120 (90.9) | 1.00 | — | 82 (92.1) | 1.00 | — |
| Reference 2c | 344 (64.2) | 61 (46.2) | — | 1.00 | 41 (46.1) | — | 1.00 |
| 1–19 years | 10 (1.9) | 5 (3.8) | 2.37 (0.68, 8.24) | 2.80 (0.80, 9.86) | 3 (3.4) | 1.90 (0.42, 8.57) | 2.29 (0.50, 10.42) |
| ⩾20 years | 15 (2.8) | 7 (5.3) | 2.36 (0.83, 6.72) | 2.79 (0.96, 8.08) | 4 (4.5) | 2.20 (0.65, 7.47) | 2.61 (0.75, 9.05) |
| Spray painting work | |||||||
| Reference 1b | 516 (96.3) | 121 (91.7) | 1.00 | — | 82 (92.1) | 1.00 | — |
| Reference 2c | 344 (64.2) | 61 (46.2) | — | 1.00 | 41 (46.1) | — | 1.00 |
| 1–19 years | 7 (1.3) | 4 (3.0) | 1.59 (0.32, 7.96) | 1.86 (0.37, 9.34) | 3 (3.4) | 1.56 (0.27, 9.12) | 1.83 (0.31, 10.82) |
| ⩾20 years | 13 (2.4) | 7 (5.3) | 3.66 (1.26, 10.59) | 4.28 (1.46, 12.57) | 4 (4.5) | 3.56 (0.99, 12.79) | 4.08 (1.12, 14.84) |
| Diesel exhaust | |||||||
| Reference 1b | 523 (97.6) | 126 (95.5) | 1.00 | — | 86 (96.6) | 1.00 | — |
| Reference 2c | 344 (64.2) | 61 (46.2) | — | 1.00 | 41 (46.1) | — | 1.00 |
| 1–19 years | 4 (0.7) | 4 (3.0) | 12.39 (2.40, 63.94) | 14.69 (2.83, 76.32) | 2 (2.2) | 6.16 (0.77, 49.27) | 7.56 (0.94, 60.83) |
| ⩾20 years | 9 (1.7) | 2 (1.5) | 1.05 (0.18, 6.26) | 1.28 (0.22, 7.65) | 1 (1.1) | 0.75 (0.08, 7.36) | 0.94 (0.10, 9.28) |
Abbreviation: OR=odds ratio.
a
Models were adjusted for age, place of birth, education level, residential radon exposure, past history of lung diseases, any cancer in first-degree relatives, and intake of meat.
b
The reference group consists of never exposed to the specific agent.
c
The reference group consists of never exposed to any of the confirmed or suspected human carcinogens in the list. Bold values indicate P<0.05.