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. 2011 Feb 14;208(2):395–407. doi: 10.1084/jem.20100466

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© 2011 Okazaki et al.

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Figure 2. — B cells are not required for the spontaneous development of autoimmune diseases in AID-deficient mice. (A) Incidence of type 1 diabetes by 18 wk in female (left) and male (right) NOD-Aicda^−/− (−/−), NOD-Aicda^+/− (+/−), and NOD wild-type (+/+) mice that were kept in germ-free conditions (GF; n = 13, 9, and 8 for female and n = 10, 5, and 12 for male mice, respectively) or moved to SPF conditions (GF => SPF) at 5 wk of age (n = 11, 17, and 5 for female and n = 5, 17, and 6 for male mice, respectively). (B) Incidence of type 1 diabetes in NOD-μMT-Aicda^−/−, NOD-μMT-Aicda^+/−, and NOD-μMT female (n = 13, 26, and 10, respectively) and male (n = 10, 24, and 17, respectively) mice. Ighm, immunoglobulin heavy constant mu gene. (C) Incidence of type 1 diabetes in NOD-SCID recipients of wild-type NOD BM (+/+ => +/+, n = 12) and NOD-SCID-Aicda^−/− recipients of wild-type NOD BM (+/+ => −/−, n = 14), and NOD-SCID recipients of NOD-Aicda^−/− BM (−/− => +/+, n = 4). (D) Incidence of myocarditis by 7 wk after the adoptive transfer of total (n = 4), CD4⁺ (n = 10), or CD4-depleted (n = 19) spleen cells from moribund BALB/c-Pdcd1^−/−Aicda^−/− mice into BALB/c-Rag2^−/− mice.