Table 5.

Multivariate Analyses of Relationships Between Performance of Key Authorship Roles and Self-Reported Financial Ties to Industry

Model	No. of Authors	Adjusted Odds of Reporting Financial Ties	99% CI	P
All studies	2,927	4.3	3.0 to 6.0	< .0001
Subgroup analyses
Industry-sponsored studies	1,518	5.0	3.4 to 7.5	< .0001
Non–industry-sponsored studies	1,409	2.5	1.3 to 4.8	.0002
Sensitivity analyses
Exclusion of research funding from the financial ties composite dependent variable*	2,927	4.4	3.1 to 6.3	< .0001
Exclusion of sponsor employees from the analysis	2,742	3.6	2.5 to 5.1	< .0001
Satisfaction of ICMJE authorship criteria rather than key role as the independent variable†	2,927	3.6	2.6 to 5.0	< .0001

NOTE. Each cell reports the results of a separate generalized linear mixed model (PROC NLMIXED in PC-SAS) that tests the association between existence of a financial tie and performance of at least one key authorship role. All models adjust for age of study participants (adult v pediatric), and corresponding author address (United States v other). Models that include all studies also adjust for source of funding (industry v nonindustry).

Abbreviation: ICMJE, International Committee of Medical Journal Editors.

^*We repeated the main model after removing research funds from the financial ties composite variable.

^†We used satisfaction of ICMJE authorship criteria, rather than the study-defined key-role variable, as the main independent variable of interest.