Table 5.
Activity rates(μ) recorded by 9 practices before and after learning workshops with attendant costs(Ω)
| Before workshops (n = 648) |
After workshops (n = 366) |
Before workshops (n = 648) |
After workshops (n = 366) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Activity | Rate | Cost/patient (£) | Rate | Cost/patient (£) | Activity | Rate | Cost/patient (£) | Rate | Cost/patient (£) |
| In practice | Sick certification | ||||||||
| Self-Help Literature | 0.116 | 0.162 | 0.156 | 0.218 | Given Med 3, 5 or 6 | 0.263 | 0.000 | 0.314 | 0.000 |
| Self-help advice | 0.003 | 0.077 | 0.000 | 0.000 | Treatment modalities | ||||
| Exercise advice | 0.008 | 0.193 | 0.003 | 0.068 | Ultrasound | 0.002 | 0.116 | 0.003 | 0.205 |
| Lifesyle advice | 0.002 | 0.039 | 0.000 | 0.000 | Epidural | 0.026 | 3.416 | 0.003 | 0.355 |
| Advice about attending physio | 0.005 | 0.116 | 0.000 | 0.000 | Other injection | 0.003 | 0.464 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Contraceptive leaflet | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | Consultant referral | ||||
| Referral for investigations | Gastroenterology | 0.003 | 0.519 | 0.003 | 0.459 | ||||
| X-ray | 0.053 | 0.946 | 0.063 | 1.131 | Gynecology | 0.003 | 0.448 | 0.003 | 0.396 |
| MRI | 0.009 | 2.921 | 0.005 | 1.721 | Cardiology | 0.005 | 0.900 | 0.008 | 1.590 |
| Blood test | 0.002 | 0.031 | 0.000 | 0.000 | Rheumatology | 0.020 | 5.184 | 0.027 | 7.049 |
| Referral to community services | Rheumatologist acute back pain service | 0.012 | 3.190 | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||||
| Stop smoking clinic | 0.012 | 0.495 | 0.005 | 0.219 | Back Pain Clinic | 0.023 | 4.544 | 0.036 | 6.962 |
| Other GP | 0.005 | 0.515 | 0.000 | 0.000 | Hospital Spinal Assessment Clinic | 0.002 | 0.235 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Physiotherapy | 0.189 | 20.176 | 0.172 | 18.418 | Geriatrics | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.003 | 0.773 |
| Private Physiotherapy | 0.009 | 0.371 | 0.000 | 0.000 | Vascular surgeon | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.003 | 0.473 |
| Chiropractor | 0.008 | 0.425 | 0.011 | 0.601 | Neurologist | 0.005 | 0.946 | 0.008 | 1.672 |
| Private Chiropractor | 0.002 | 0.085 | 0.000 | 0.000 | Urologist | 0.003 | 0.495 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Osteopath | 0.020 | 1.005 | 0.000 | 0.000 | Orthopaedic surgeon | 0.040 | 6.108 | 0.044 | 6.645 |
| Private Osteopath | 0.005 | 0.232 | 0.000 | 0.000 | Colorectal surgeon | 0.002 | 0.278 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Exercise therapy | 0.005 | 0.139 | 0.000 | 0.000 | General surgeon | 0.005 | 0.751 | 0.011 | 1.770 |
| Acupuncture | 0.002 | 0.085 | 0.003 | 0.150 | Plastic surgeon | 0.002 | 0.207 | 0.003 | 0.366 |
| Private acupuncture | 0.002 | 0.085 | 0.000 | 0.000 | ENT | 0.009 | 1.122 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Dietician | 0.002 | 0.062 | 0.000 | 0.000 | Opthalmology | 0.003 | 0.328 | 0.005 | 0.579 |
| Midwifery | 0.002 | 0.077 | 0.000 | 0.000 | Dermatology | 0.006 | 0.736 | 0.005 | 0.650 |
| Counsellor | 0.003 | 0.124 | 0.000 | 0.000 | Psychiatry | 0.002 | 0.377 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Contenance nurse | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.003 | 0.109 | Unspecified | ||||
| Rehabilitation | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.003 | 0.109 | Further care | 0.026 | 1.445 | 0.071 | 3.907 |
| Community matron | 0.002 | 0.062 | 0.000 | 0.000 | Hospital admission | ||||
| Pulmonary rehab | 0.002 | 0.062 | 0.000 | 0.000 | Emergency admission | 0.016 | 1.597 | 0.008 | 0.844 |
| Other | 0.006 | 0.247 | 0.005 | 0.219 | Other admission | 0.014 | 1.391 | 0.008 | 0.820 |
Rate (μ) = number of occurrences/number of patients in cohort. Cost/patient (Ω) = rate x NHS tariff