TABLE 1.
COHORT DEMOGRAPHICS
| N | 53,814 |
| Age in 1985, yr, mean (SD) | 42.1 (9.9) |
| Year of hire, mean (SD) | 1975 (8.0) |
| Job in 1985, no. (%) | |
| Long-haul | 13,919 (25.9) |
| Pick-up and delivery | 9,291 (17.3) |
| Dockworker | 13,332 (24.8) |
| Combination worker | 8,055 (15.0) |
| Mechanic | 3,237 (6.0) |
| Hostler | 1,260 (2.3) |
| Clerk | 2,420 (4.5) |
| Other | 2,300 (4.3) |
| Region of residence, no. (%) | |
| Northeast | 8,730 (16.2) |
| South | 19,142 (35.6) |
| Midwest | 17,289 (32.1) |
| West | 8,653 (16.1) |
| Race/ethnicity, no. (%) | |
| Caucasian | 44,728 (83.1) |
| African American | 4,901 (9.1) |
| Hispanic | 2,030 (3.8) |
| Native American | 406 (0.8) |
| Asian | 69 (0.1) |
| Other/unknown | 1,680 (3.1) |
| Geocoding match level, no. (%) | |
| Street | 43,581 (81.0) |
| ZIP code +4 | 1,198 (2.2) |
| ZIP code +2 | 1,090 (2.0) |
| ZIP code | 7,945 (14.8) |
| Average pollution, mean (SD)* | |
| PM10, μg/m3 | 26.8 (6.0) |
| SO2, ppb | 4.8 (2.9) |
| NO2, ppb | 14.2 (7.1) |
| PM2.5 in 2000,† μg/m3 | 14.1 (4.0) |
Definition of abbreviations: PM10 = particulate matter less than 10 μm in diameter; PM2.5 = particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter.
*
Average annual pollution 1985–2000.
†
Annual average from nearest U.S. Environmental Protection Agency monitor.