Table 1.

Etiologic Subclasses of Upper Eyelid Blepharoptosis

Myogenic

simple congenital ptosis

double elevator palsy

blepharophimosis

congenital orbital fibrosis

mitochondrial myopathy

chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia

Kearns-Sayre syndrome

mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, stroke-like episodes

mitochondrial encephalopathy with ragged red fibers

oculo-pharyngeal muscular dystrophy

facio-scapulo-humeral muscular dystrophy

myotonic dystrophy

Aponeurotic

congenital defect in the aponeurosis

acquired aponeurotic ptosis

Neurogenic

oculomotor palsy

Marcus-Gunn jaw winking syndrome

Horner’s syndrome

myasthenia gravis

apraxia of lid opening

blepharospasm

Traumatic