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Joint kinematics of the hip (A) and knee and ankle (B). Positive direction indicates flexion, adduction (varus), and internal rotation for sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes, respectively. Flex = flexion, Add = adduction; Abd = abduction; IR = internal rotation; ER = external rotation; Var = varus; Val = valgus; Df = dorsiflexion; Pf = plantarflexion. 30 ng = 30 rpm without guide; 30 g = 30 rpm with guide; 60 ng = 60 rpm without guide; 60 g = 60 rpm with guide.
