Table 4.
Neighborhood and Individual Level Predictors of Recent Substance Use, by Ethnic and Acculturation Subgroups
| Alcohol | Cigarettes | Marijuana | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spanish Dominant |
Bilingual | English Dominant |
White | Spanish Dominant |
Bilingual | English Dominant |
White | Spanish Dominant |
Bilingual | English Dominant |
White | |
| Neighborhood Predictors | ||||||||||||
| % Mexican Background | .149* I (.075) |
.015 (.003) |
.036 (.070) |
−.039 H (.073) |
.003 (.074) |
−.023 (.084) |
.019 (.054) |
−.007 (.091) |
−.015 (.073) |
.078* I (.033) |
.002 (.048) |
−.008 (.050) |
| % Recent Immigrants | −.187* I (.076) |
.008 (.060) |
−.011 (.068) |
−.007 H (.089) |
−.001 (.076) |
−.029 (.076) |
−.149** I (.056) |
.136 H (.111) |
.016 (.067) |
−.074* I (.033) |
−.027 (.046) |
−.050 (.046) |
| % Below Poverty Line | −.032 (.057) |
−.043 (.055) |
.026 (.076) |
−.061 (.083) |
−.044 (.057) |
.012 (.070) |
.142* I (.060) |
−.108 H (.102) |
−.035 (.053) |
−.019 (.030) |
.057 (.052) |
.025 (.016) |
| Violent Crime Rate | .024 (.028) |
.009 (.026) |
.062* I (.028) |
.007 (.029) |
−.030 (.028) |
−.001 (.032) |
.018 (.022) |
.053 (.036) |
−.013 (.026) |
−.002 (.015) |
.025 (.019) |
.012 (.024) |
| % Different Residence | .085 (.051) |
−.050 I (.040) |
.010 (.043) |
.018 (.043) |
.031 (.051) |
.024 (.052) |
.082* (.036) |
−.014 H (.054) |
−.022 (.045) |
−.080***I (.022) |
.025 (.030) |
.012 (.024) |
| % Single Mother Family | .005 (.040) |
.015 (.033) |
.008 (.043) |
−.036 (.052) |
−.022 (.041) |
−.025 (.042) |
−.083*I (.036) |
.016 (.064) |
−.007 (.036) |
.040* I (.019) |
−.009 (.030) |
−.047 H (.029) |
| Individual Predictors | ||||||||||||
| Gender: M=1; F=0 | .068 (.051) |
−.032 (.040) |
.053 (.038) |
.000 (.044) |
.171** (.053) |
.093* (.043) |
.048 (.039) |
.140** (.052) |
.086** (.028) |
.020 (.024) |
.064* (.027) |
.035 (.024) |
| Usual Grades | −.022 (.016) |
−.037** (.011) |
−.049*** (.010) |
−.045*** (.013) |
−.053** (.016) |
−.054*** (.012) |
−.065*** (.010) |
−.087*** (.016) |
−.007 (.009) |
−.033*** (.007) |
−.050*** (.007) |
−.021** (.007) |
| In School Lunch Program | −.296* (.118) |
−.118 (.076) |
−.151* (.059) |
−.110* (.052) |
−.138 (.119) |
−.177* (.081) |
−.107 (.060) |
.029 (.061) |
−.165* (.069) |
−.134** (.047) |
−.098* (.042) |
−.073* (.029) |
| Age in Years | .071* (.036) |
.039 (.027) |
.061* (.026) |
.023 (.035) |
.062 (.036) |
.073* (.029) |
.138*** (.027) |
.064 (.041) |
−.006 (.020) |
.053** (.016) |
.089*** (.019) |
−.014 (.019) |
| Intercept | .496*** (.122) |
.474*** (.080) |
.508*** (.065) |
.341*** (.064) |
.345* (.123) |
.642*** (.088) |
.564*** (.064) |
.384*** (.078) |
.228*** (.036) |
.220*** (.049) |
.185*** (.046) |
.133* (.036) |
| N | 465 | 1069 | 1334 | 702 | 465 | 1071 | 1335 | 704 | 464 | 1066 | 1324 | 703 |
| −2 Res. Log Likelihood | 817 | 2148.9 | 2827.2 | 1273.6 | 840.2 | 2316.3 | 2920.2 | 1520.2 | 284.6 | 1063.9 | 1885.6 | 455.6 |
*
p < .05
**
p<.01
***
p<.001
H
Tests for interaction effects: significant differences in this neighborhood effect for Mexican heritage versus non-Hispanic White students (H) at p < .05.
I
Tests for interaction effects: significant differences in the neighborhood effect between this and the other two Mexican heritage acculturation subgroups.