Table 2.
Means (SD) for both groups at all three time points
| Aerobic exercise group |
Stretching control group |
|||||
| Variable | Baseline | 6 mo | After intervention | Baseline | 6 mo | After intervention |
| VO2 max | 21.36 (4.71) | 22.25 (4.66) | 22.61 (4.84) | 21.75 (4.87) | 21.87 (5.07) | 21.87 (4.93) |
| L hippocampus | 4.89 (0.74) | 4.93 (0.71) | 4.98 (0.69) | 4.90 (0.80) | 4.86 (0.80) | 4.83 (0.80) |
| R hippocampus | 5.00 (0.67) | 5.03 (0.63) | 5.09 (0.63) | 4.92 (0.80) | 4.89 (0.83) | 4.86 (0.82) |
| L anterior hippocampus | 2.86 (0.42) | 2.88 (0.41) | 2.93 (0.40) | 2.84 (0.48) | 2.82 (0.48) | 2.78 (0.46) |
| R anterior hippocampus | 2.90 (0.40) | 2.93 (0.38) | 2.99 (0.38) | 2.88 (0.48) | 2.87 (0.48) | 2.84 (0.49) |
| L posterior hippocampus | 2.03 (0.34) | 2.04 (0.31) | 2.05 (0.30) | 2.05 (0.33) | 2.03 (0.34) | 2.03 (0.37) |
| R posterior hippocampus | 2.05 (0.30) | 2.09 (0.27) | 2.09 (0.27) | 2.03 (0.35) | 2.02 (0.37) | 2.01 (0.34) |
| L caudate nucleus | 4.65 (0.57) | 4.68 (0.57) | 4.67 (0.57) | 4.66 (0.57) | 4.63 (0.51) | 4.63 (0.51) |
| R caudate nucleus | 5.04 (0.54) | 5.04 (0.52) | 5.05 (0.56) | 5.06 (0.56) | 5.02 (0.57) | 5.02 (0.56) |
| Thalamus | 14.11 (1.28) | 14.20 (1.32) | 14.16 (1.36) | 14.22 (1.41) | 14.33 (1.36) | 14.26 (1.41) |
| BDNF | 21.32 (9.32) | — | 23.77 (8.04) | 23.41 (9.67) | — | 24.04 (10.83) |
| Accuracy (%) | 85.9 (8.2) | 84.1 (17.1) | 88.2 (7.1) | 82.3 (9.9) | 82.5 (15.8) | 86.0 (8.2) |
VO2 max was measured as ml/kg per min. Brain volumes were measured as cm3. BDNF was measured as pg/mL. L, left; R, right.