Figure 1.

The distribution of the 33 distracter voices on the VTL∕GPR plane. Eight spokes radiate out from a central target voice (not shown for clarity). The spokes are numbered one through eight in a counter clockwise manner. Each spoke contains four points numbered from point 1 nearest the center to point 4 at the outer end. The central target voice has a VTL of 147 mm and a GPR of 171.7 Hz. An additional distracter voice is located at the same position as the target voice. The gray shaded areas show the range of VTL and GPR values, which encompass 95% of male and female speakers in the population. This was modeled by Turner et al. (2009), based on measurements from Peterson and Barney (1952)