Table 3.
Prevalence of Current Tobacco Use, by Sex, Region and Country, Medical Global Health Professions Student Survey 2005-2008
| Current cigarette smokers | Current users of other tobacco products | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country (Site) |
Year | Total % (95% CI) |
Male % (95% CI) |
Female % (95% CI) |
P-Value | Total % (95% CI) |
Male % (95% CI) |
Female % (95% CI) |
P-Value |
| AFRICAN REGION(AFR) | |||||||||
| Algeria | 2007 | 9.0 (8.1 - 9.9) |
23.7 (21.3 - 26.2) |
3.0 (2.5 - 3.7) |
0.0000 | 4.1 (3.6 - 4.7) |
11.0 (9.5 - 12.8) |
1.1 (0.8 - 1.5) |
0.0000 |
| Kenya | 2008 | 9.8 (7.7 - 12.5) |
10.9 (8.0 - 14.8) |
8.7 (5.9 - 12.6) |
0.3497 | 4.9 (3.5 - 7.0) |
5.1 (3.2 - 8.1) |
4.9 (2.9 - 8.1) |
0.8937 |
| Niger | 2008 | 37.7 (33.9 - 41.7) |
42.2 (37.9 - 46.7) |
15.0 (9.6 - 22.8) |
0.0000 | 27.7 (22.0 - 34.3) |
41.9 (31.4 - 53.3) |
18.6 (12.6 - 26.8) |
0.0006 |
| Uganda | 2005 | 2.8 (1.8 - 4.2) |
4.1 (2.7 - 6.3) |
0.0 | 0.0000 | 0.7 (0.3 - 1.8) |
1.1 (0.5 - 2.6) |
0.0 | 0.0225 |
| EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN REGION (EMR) | |||||||||
| Egypt | 2005 | 7.9 (5.7 - 10.7) |
12.9 (9.9 - 16.5) |
1.2 (0.5 - 3.0) |
0.0000 | 7.4 (5.4 - 9.9) |
11.9 (9.2 - 15.1) |
1.4 (0.9 - 2.3) |
0.0000 |
| Gaza Strip/West Bank | 2007 | 22.7 (19.7 - 26.0) |
39.1 (33.8 - 44.6) |
9.4 (6.8 - 12.8) |
0.0000 | 12.3 (10.0 - 14.9) |
24.1 (19.7 - 29.0) |
2.4 (1.2 - 4.6) |
0.0000 |
| Iran | 2007 | 5.6 (4.6 - 6.9) |
11.6 (9.0 - 14.9) |
2.8 (1.9 - 4.0) |
0.0000 | 9.9 (8.5 - 11.6) |
16.2 (13.0 - 19.9) |
7.0 (5.5 - 8.8) |
0.0000 |
| Iraq | 2005 | 17.5 (15.4 - 19.8) |
20.4 (17.2 - 24.1) |
15.1 (12.5 - 18.2) |
0.0201 | 7.8 (6.4 - 9.5) |
4.7 (3.2 - 6.9) |
10.3 (8.1 - 13.0) |
0.0003 |
| Lebanon | 2006 | 28.2 (25.1 - 31.4) |
36.1 (31.8 - 40.7) |
18.0 (14.4 - 22.3) |
0.0000 | 21.8 (19.2 - 24.8) |
21.7 (18.2 - 25.8) |
21.9 (18.1 - 26.4) |
0.9449 |
| Libyan Arab Jamahiriya | 2006 | 10.1 (9.1 - 11.2) |
22.3 (20.1 - 24.6) |
1.9 (1.4 - 2.7) |
0.0000 | 8.3 (7.4 - 9.3) |
15.3 (13.6 - 17.3) |
3.6 (2.8 - 4.5) |
0.0000 |
| Saudi Arabia | 2006 | 11.6 (9.2 - 14.6) |
13.1 (10.0 - 16.9) |
9.6 (6.2 - 14.8) |
0.2156 | 12.8 (10.2 - 15.9) |
13.9 (10.7 - 17.7) |
11.3 (7.3 - 17.0) |
0.3900 |
| Sudan | 2007 | 7.7 (6.3 - 9.4) |
19.6 (15.9 - 23.9) |
1.3 (0.8 - 2.3) |
0.0000 | 3.1 (2.2 - 4.2) |
8.0 (5.8 - 10.9) |
0.4 (0.2 - 1.1) |
0.0000 |
| Syrian Arab Republic | 2006 | 16.8 (16.2 - 17.5) |
24.3 (23.3 - 25.3) |
4.8 (4.2 - 5.5) |
0.0000 | 23.6 (22.8 - 24.4) |
30.6 (29.6 - 31.7) |
12.1 (11.2 - 13.2) |
0.0000 |
| Tunisia | 2007 | 9.9 (8.6 - 11.3) |
26.5 (22.7 - 30.7) |
4.1 (3.2 - 5.4) |
0.0000 | 7.4 (6.3 - 8.7) |
20.6 (17.2 - 24.5) |
3.0 (2.2 - 4.1) |
0.0000 |
| EUROPEAN REGION (EUR) | |||||||||
| Albania | 2005 | 43.3 (40.7 - 45.9) |
65.1 (59.8 - 69.9) |
35.7 (32.8 - 38.7) |
0.0043 | 1.5 (1.0 - 2.2) |
3.1 (1.8 - 5.4) |
1.0 (0.6 - 1.8) |
0.3508 |
| Armenia | 2006 | 20.4 (16.1 - 25.4) |
52.5 (41.7 - 63.0) |
8.3 (5.2 - 13.1) |
0.0000 | 3.1 (1.7 - 5.6) |
9.5 (4.9 - 17.7) |
0.7 (0.2 - 3.2) |
0.0061 |
| Bosnia & Herzegovina | 2006 | 40.3 (39.2 - 41.5) |
45.0 (43.0 - 47.0) |
37.8 (36.4 - 39.2) |
0.1689 | 8.7 (8.1 - 9.4) |
10.9 (9.7 - 12.2) |
7.5 (6.8 - 8.3) |
0.0417 |
| Croatia | 2005 | 36.6 (34.1 - 39.2) |
35.9 (31.5 - 40.4) |
37.1 (34.1 - 40.3) |
0.6480 | 10.7 (9.2 - 12.4) |
20.2 (16.8 - 24.2) |
6.3 (5.0 - 8.0) |
0.0000 |
| Czech Republic | 2006 | 21.7 (19.5 - 24.0) |
26.2 (21.9 - 30.9) |
19.8 (17.2 - 22.5) |
0.0158 | 7.4 (6.1 - 9.0) |
11.1 (8.3 - 14.6) |
5.8 (4.5 - 7.6) |
0.0035 |
| Kyrgyzstan | 2008 | 36.6 (33.9 - 39.4) |
50.0 (45.5 - 54.5) |
27.9 (24.8 - 31.3) |
0.0000 | 5.4 (4.2 - 6.8) |
11.4 (8.8 - 14.5) |
1.5 (0.8 - 2.6) |
0.0000 |
| Lithuania | 2006 | 27.3 (23.5 - 31.4) |
48.6 (39.7 - 57.7) |
19.5 (15.8 - 23.8) |
0.0000 | 15.1 (12.3 - 18.5) |
33.2 (25.4 - 42.1) |
8.2 (6.0 - 11.2) |
0.0000 |
| Russian Federation | 2006 | 38.8 (37.6 - 39.9) |
46.1 (44.2 - 48.1) |
34.9 (33.5 - 36.2) |
0.0000 | 10.9 (10.2 - 11.6) |
19.3 (17.8 - 20.9) |
6.5 (5.8 - 7.2) |
0.0000 |
| Serbia | 2006 | 34.7 (33.2 - 36.2) |
31.2 (28.7 - 33.8) |
36.7 (34.9 - 38.6) |
0.0007 | 18.0 (16.8 - 19.2) |
17.7 (15.7 - 19.8) |
18.4 (17.0 - 20.0) |
0.5587 |
| Slovakia | 2006 | 30.4 (29.0 - 31.9) |
36.5 (33.6 - 39.4) |
27.9 (26.2 - 29.6) |
0.0000 | 6.4 (5.7 - 7.2) |
8.6 (7.1 - 10.5) |
5.6 (4.8 - 6.5) |
0.0017 |
| Slovenia | 2007 | 20.9 (17.3 - 25.0) |
22.5 (15.9 - 30.8) |
20.2 (16.0 - 25.1) |
0.6020 | 5.6 (3.8 - 8.2) |
14.3 (9.2 - 21.5) |
2.0 (0.9 - 4.4) |
0.0002 |
| REGION OF THE AMERICAS (AMR) | |||||||||
| Argentina | 2005 | 35.5 (33.6 - 37.4) |
33.4 (30.4 - 36.4) |
36.5 (34.1 - 39.1) |
0.1140 | 6.4 (5.4 - 7.4) |
9.2 (7.5 - 11.3) |
4.5 (3.5 - 5.7) |
0.0000 |
| Bolivia | 2006 | 41.1 (35.3 - 47.2) |
50.3 (43.9 - 56.7) |
31.7 (24.9 - 39.4) |
0.0017 | 10.6 (8.7 - 12.8) |
14.3 (11.1 - 18.4) |
6.7 (4.9 - 9.0) |
0.0075 |
| Brazil (Rio de Janeiro) | 2006 | 16.9 (15.6 - 18.2) |
19.5 (17.5 - 21.6) |
14.6 (13.1 - 16.3) |
0.0002 | 5.2 (4.5 - 6.0) |
7.1 (5.9 - 8.5) |
3.4 (2.7 - 4.3) |
0.0000 |
| Chile | 2008 | 28.4 (27.1 - 29.6) |
27.1 (25.5 - 28.9) |
29.3 (27.5 - 31.3) |
0.0878 | 7.6 (6.8 - 8.4) |
9.3 (8.2 - 10.5) |
5.5 (4.6 - 6.5) |
0.0000 |
| Costa Rica | 2006 | 32.8 | 38.6 | 29.3 | * | 13.7 | 19.2 | 10.7 | * |
| Cuba (Havana) | 2008 | 29.5 (27.6 - 31.4) |
41.1 (38.0 - 44.3) |
21.2 (19.1 - 23.5) |
0.0000 | 4.1 (3.4 - 5.0) |
4.1 (3.1 - 5.5) |
4.1 (3.2 - 5.3) |
0.9874 |
| Guatemala | 2008 | 22.5 (19.8 - 25.4) |
27.5 (23.4 - 32.1) |
17.8 (14.6 - 21.6) |
0.0007 | 13.5 (11.4 - 15.9) |
17.4 (14.0 - 21.4) |
10.3 (7.8 - 13.3) |
0.0024 |
| Jamaica | 2008 | 6.7 (4.3 - 10.3) |
12.5 (7.1 - 21.2) |
4.2 (2.1 - 8.0) |
0.0286 | 3.8 (2.1 - 6.7) |
12.5 (7.1 - 21.2) |
0.0 | 0.0005 |
| Mexico | 2006 | 35.3 (29.8 - 41.3) |
41.3 (36.0 - 46.8) |
30.8 (24.7 - 37.6) |
0.0010 | 4.5 (3.3 - 6.3) |
6.3 (4.5 - 8.8) |
2.7 (2.0 - 3.8) |
0.0027 |
| Panama | 2008 | 11.1 (9.6 - 12.9) |
11.2 (8.7 - 14.1) |
11.1 (9.2 - 13.5) |
0.9956 | 2.9 (2.1 - 3.9) |
3.6 (2.3 - 5.6) |
1.9 (1.1 - 3.1) |
0.0578 |
| Paraguay | 2008 | 22.3 (20.9 - 23.8) |
25.3 (23.2 - 27.7) |
19.9 (18.1 - 21.8) |
0.0003 | 6.8 (6.0 - 7.7) |
8.3 (7.0 - 9.8) |
5.6 (4.6 - 6.8) |
0.0029 |
| Peru | 2006 | 32.7 (28.5 - 37.3) |
43.5 (36.2 - 51.1) |
22.2 (16.7 - 28.8) |
0.0007 | 6.4 (3.4 - 11.8) |
9.0 (5.2 - 14.9) |
3.6 (1.4 - 9.1) |
0.0003 |
| Uruguay | 2008 | 32.3 (31.2 - 33.3) |
31.3 (29.5 - 33.2) |
32.4 (31.2 - 33.7) |
0.3222 | 5.8 (5.3 - 6.3) |
12.5 (11.3 - 13.9) |
2.6 (2.2 - 3.0) |
0.0000 |
| SOUTH-EAST ASIA REGION (SEAR) | |||||||||
| Bangladesh | 2006 | 27.2 (20.8 - 34.8) |
46.5 (37.6 - 55.6) |
4.4 (1.2 - 14.1) |
0.0000 | 11.9 (4.3 - 28.7) |
13.3 (3.7 - 38.2) |
9.9 (4.6 - 20.0) |
0.5038 |
| India | 2005 | 11.6 (8.8 - 15.2) |
17.7 (14.5 - 21.3) |
2.0 (0.9 - 4.2) |
0.0000 | 5.4 (3.5 - 8.3) |
7.5 (5.2 - 10.6) |
2.2 (0.8 - 6.4) |
0.0028 |
| Indonesia | 2006 | 8.6 (5.4 - 13.5) |
19.8 (12.5 - 29.7) |
2.3 (1.2 - 4.5) |
0.0024 | 0.9 (0.4 - 2.2) |
2.2 (0.9 - 5.0) |
0.1 (0.0 - 1.1) |
0.0274 |
| Myanmar | 2006 | 12.4 (11.7 - 13.1) |
24.7 (23.5 - 26.1) |
1.2 (0.9 - 1.6) |
0.0000 | 11.0 (10.3 - 11.6) |
19.8 (18.6 - 21.0) |
2.7 (2.3 - 3.2) |
0.0000 |
| Nepal | 2005 | 23.5 (9.1 - 48.5) |
34.5 (13.1 - 64.7) |
4.0 (1.2 - 12.5) |
0.0372 | 14.4 (6.7 - 28.1) |
19.3 (6.8 - 43.6) |
5.4 (1.0 - 23.9) |
0.1694 |
| Sri Lanka | 2006 | 4.1 (3.4 - 5.0) |
8.6 (7.0 - 10.7) |
1.1 (0.7 - 1.8) |
0.0000 | 3.6 (2.9 - 4.4) |
6.8 (5.4 - 8.6) |
1.4 (0.9 - 2.1) |
0.0000 |
| Thailand | 2006 | 2.1 (1.6 - 2.9) |
1.0 (0.5 - 2.1) |
3.0 (2.1 - 4.3) |
0.0029 | 1.7 (1.1 - 2.5) |
2.3 (1.4 - 3.9) |
0.9 (0.5 - 1.7) |
0.0443 |
| WESTERN PACIFIC REGION (WPR) | |||||||||
| Cambodia | 2005 | 6.4 (4.1 - 9.7) |
9.2 (6.0 - 13.9) |
0.0 | 0.0000 | 3.6 (2.0 - 6.4) |
5.3 (3.0 - 9.2) |
0.0 | 0.0007 |
| South Korea | 2006 | 16.0 (12.0 - 21.1) |
22.5 (18.1 - 27.5) |
3.5 (1.6 - 7.2) |
0.0000 | 4.8 (3.0 - 7.4) |
6.9 (4.7 - 10.0) |
1.0 (0.5 - 2.1) |
0.0001 |
| Viet Nam | 2007 | 11.2 (10.6 - 11.7) |
20.8 (19.7 - 21.9) |
2.6 (2.3 - 3.0) |
0.0000 | 3.3 (3.0 - 3.6) |
5.0 (4.4 - 5.6) |
1.7 (1.4 - 2.0) |
0.0000 |
* Census and 100% school, class and student response rates