TABLE 4.
Independent Variable | Sub-Category | Unadjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) | P | Adjusted Odds Ratio** (95% CI) | P |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (per 10 yrs) | - | 1.00 (0.75–1.33) | 0.10 | ||
Race/Ethnicity | African-American* | 1.0 (-) | - | 1.0 (-) | - |
Non-Hispanic white | 1.75 (0.84–3.64) | 0.14 | 2.36 (0.99–5.63) | 0.05 | |
Hispanic white | 1.50 (0.47–4.86) | 0.50 | 1.99 (0.54–7.35) | 0.30 | |
Other | 3.12 (1.75–5.58) | <0.001 | 4.76 (2.48–9.14) | <0.001 | |
Level of education | Less than high school* | 1.0 (-) | - | ||
High school diploma | 0.79 (0.45–1.39) | 0.41 | |||
Some college or more | 0.98 (0.56–1.71) | 0.94 | |||
Living situation | Not married, live alone* | 1.0 (-) | - | ||
Married, living with partner | 0.75 (0.43–1.32) | 0.32 | |||
Employment status | Employed* | 1.0 (-) | - | ||
Not employed | 1.17 (0.69–2.00) | 0.56 | |||
Average income per year | <$12000* | 1.0 (-) | - | 1.0 (-) | - |
$12000–$36000 | 0.81 (0.48–1.38) | 0.44 | 0.67 (0.35–1.29) | 0.23 | |
>$36000 | 0.84 (0.38–1.87) | 0.67 | 0.20 (0.06–0.71) | 0.01 | |
CES-Da Scale score | ≤15* | 1.0 (-) | - | ||
>15 | 1.01 (0.63–1.63) | 0.96 | |||
Illicit drug useb in the last 6 months | No* | 1.0 (-) | - | ||
Yes | 1.22 (0.60–2.48) | 0.58 | |||
Alcohol use in the last 6 months | 0 drinks/week* | 1.0 (-) | - | ||
<3 drinks/week | 1.08 (0.61–1.91) | 0.78 | |||
3–13 drinks/week | 0.61 (0.20–1.84) | 0.38 | |||
>13 drinks/week | 0.36 (0.04–2.86) | 0.33 | |||
Smoking in the last 6 months | No* | 1.0 (-) | - | 1.0 (-) | - |
Yes | 1.33 (0.83–2.13) | 0.23 | 1.80 (1.03–3.16) | 0.04 | |
Marijuana use in the last 6 months | No* | 1.0 (-) | - | ||
Yes | 0.65 (0.31–1.40) | 0.27 | |||
Health insurance | Private or other* | 1.0 (-) | - | 1.0 (-) | - |
Medicare | 0.44 (0.20–1.01) | 0.05 | 0.22 (0.08–0.62) | 0.004 | |
Medicaid | 0.69 (0.37–1.28) | 0.24 | 0.23 (0.09–0.60) | 0.003 | |
None | 1.14 (0.48–2.72) | 0.77 | 0.53 (0.13–2.14) | 0.37 | |
Enrollment in ADAP | Yes* | 1.0 (-) | - | 1.0 (-) | - |
No | 1.48 (0.77–2.84) | 0.24 | 2.37 (0.93–6.03) | 0.07 | |
State | New York* | 1.0 (-) | - | 1.0 (-) | - |
California | 1.09 (0.65–1.18) | 0.7491 | 1.03 (0.55–1.94) | 0.64 | |
Illinois | 0.84 (0.43–1.63) | 0.6008 | 0.83 (0.39–1.78) | 0.63 |
Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression
Includes crack, cocaine, methadone, and/or heroin
Reference group
Adjusted backward stepwise elimination logistic regression model