Table 1.
Aneurysmal and non-aneurysmal CNS hemorrhage caused by neurocysticercosis (NCC)*
| Report | Age/ sex | Clinical presentation | CSF | Imaging studies | Aneurysm location/ morphology | Surgery | Medication | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Zee and others,10 1980 | 23/M | Headache, nausea, vomiting, AMS, and CN impairment | NA | Large right temporal hematoma | Right distal MCA /mycotic | Clipping of the proximal artery | NA | NA |
| 2. Iwanowski and others,11 1987 | 56/F | NA | NA | Focal hemorrhage in basal ganglia. Solitary cyst in temporal horn | NA | NA | NA | Died |
| 3. Iwanowski and others,11 1987 | 54/M | Hemiparesis | NA | Subarachnoid hemorrhage with solitary cyst on quadrigeminal plate | NA | NA | NA | Died |
| 4. Alarcon and others,4 1992 | NA | Motor deficits | NA | Hemorrhage into a frontal lobe cyst† | NA | None | NA | Died |
| 5. Soto-Hernandez and others,5 1996 | 32/M | Headaches, nausea, vomiting, AMS, and meningeal signs | 6,486 cells (77% PMN and 5% E), glucose 10 mg/dL, protein 1,560 mg/dL. ELISA for NCC (+) | Subarachnoid hemorrhage, hydrocephalus, subarachnoid cysts at the suprasellar, and pontine cisterns and anterior aspect of right temporal lobe | Right branch of AICA/fusiform | Wrapping | Albendazole for 10 days and steroids | Improved |
| 6. Sawhney and others,12 1998 | 10/M | Headache, nausea, vomiting, and partial seizures | NA | Left parietal hematoma and multiple cysts | Normal angiogram | NA | Albendazole, steroids, (duration unknown) | No improvement |
| 7. Huang and others,6 2000 | 32/M | Headache, nausea, and dysphasia | NA | Subarachnoid hemorrhage and multiple cysts in the left Sylvian fissure | Left M2 MCA Branch/pseudofusiform | Clipping | Albendazole, (duration unknown) | Improved |
| 8. Tellez-Zenteno and others,7 2003 | 32/F | Headache, dysarthria, left hemiparesis, and psychomotor agitation | 3 cells, glucose 55 mg/dL, protein 33 mg/dL, ELISA for NCC (+) | Right lenticulo-capsular hemorrhage around a large cystic lesion and cysts in right parietal lobe | Normal angiogram | None | Albendazole for 15 days and steroids | Improved |
| 9. Tellez-Zenteno and others,7 2003 | 34/M | Headache, nausea, vomiting, diplopia, gait disorder, psychomotor agitation, CN impairment | 107 cells (97% L), glucose 19 mg/dL, protein 695 mg/dL, ELISA for NCC (+) | Hemorrhagic lesion and a cyst in the ambiens cistern | Normal angiogram | None | Albendazole for 8 days and steroids | Improved |
| 10. Kim and others,8 2005 | 69/M | AMS | NA | Subarachnoid hemorrhage in the right Sylvian fissure, large right temporal lobe hematoma, and a cyst within the fissure | Right MCA, distal branch of ATA/fusiform | Trapping | Albendazole for 2 months | Improved |
| 11. Current case, 2010 | 39/F | Headaches | 20 cells (78% L, 5% E), glucose 88 mg/dL, protein 28 mg/dL | Subarachnoid hemorrhage around the left Sylvian fissure and multiple cysts within the basilar cistern | Normal angiogram | None | Albendazole for 4 weeks and steroids | Improved |
*
AICA = anteriorinferior cerebellar artery; AMS = altered mental status; ATA = anterior temporal artery; CN = cranial nerve; CNS = central nervous system; CSF = cerebrospinal fluid; E = eosinophils; ELISA = enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; L = lymphocytes; MCA = middle cerebral artery; NA = information not available; PMN = polymorphonuclear cells.
†
Autopsy findings.