Table 1.
Characteristics of families from rural areas and urban slum areas in Indonesia
| Characteristic | Rural | Urban | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Mean (SD) or % | N | Mean (SD) or % | ||
| Family has an improved latrine | Yes | 203,007 | 45.4 | 114,816 | 79.8 |
| No | 243,973 | 54.6 | 29,022 | 20.2 | |
| Child age, mos | 0–5 | 66,925 | 15.0 | 20,279 | 14.1 |
| 6–11 | 82,046 | 18.4 | 24,209 | 16.8 | |
| 12–23 | 127,296 | 28.5 | 39,656 | 27.6 | |
| 24–35 | 84,840 | 19.0 | 28,858 | 20.0 | |
| 36–47 | 54,446 | 12.2 | 18,532 | 13.6 | |
| 48–59 | 30,973 | 6.9 | 11,227 | 7.8 | |
| Child sex | Male | 229,547 | 51.3 | 74,798 | 51.9 |
| Female | 217,686 | 48.7 | 69,207 | 48.1 | |
| Maternal age, y | ≤ 24 | 139,054 | 31.1 | 39,963 | 27.8 |
| 25– | 112,006 | 25.1 | 36,471 | 25.3 | |
| 29–32 | 93,784 | 21.0 | 31,765 | 22.0 | |
| 33+ | 101,889 | 22.8 | 35,815 | 24.9 | |
| Maternal education, y | 0 | 26,135 | 5.9 | 6,855 | 4.8 |
| 1–6 | 239,844 | 53.9 | 66,841 | 46.5 | |
| 7–9 | 90,967 | 20.4 | 33,692 | 23.5 | |
| ≥ 10 | 87,951 | 19.8 | 36,220 | 25.2 | |
| Maternal BMI (kg/m2) | 18.5 to < 25 | 315,727 | 71.0 | 91,583 | 62.3 |
| < 18.5 | 54,465 | 12.2 | 17,574 | 12.3 | |
| ≥ 25 to < 30 | 64,578 | 14.5 | 27,381 | 19.2 | |
| ≥ 30 | 10,209 | 2.3 | 5,967 | 4.2 | |
| Paternal education, y | 0 | 18,891 | 4.4 | 3,078 | 2.2 |
| 1–6 | 207,228 | 48.6 | 51,391 | 36.6 | |
| 7–9 | 83,128 | 19.5 | 34,430 | 24.5 | |
| ≥ 10 | 117,388 | 27.5 | 51,619 | 36.7 | |
| Child currently breastfeeding | Yes | 281,072 | 62.9 | 82,258 | 57.2 |
| No | 165,606 | 37.1 | 61,513 | 42.8 | |
| Child received vitamin A capsule in last 6 months | Yes | 229,799 | 52.6 | 72,533 | 52.3 |
| No | 206,797 | 47.4 | 66,296 | 47.7 | |
| Household has adequately iodized salt | Yes | 281,920 | 65.6 | 100,557 | 70.7 |
| No | 153,009 | 34.4 | 41,730 | 29.3 | |
| Father is a smoker | Yes | 325,963 | 74.5 | 101,512 | 71.8 |
| No | 111,771 | 25.5 | 39,919 | 28.2 | |
| Weekly per capita plant food expenditure | 400,835 | 0.23 (0.23) | 143,556 | 0.36 (0.28) | |
| Weekly per capita grain food expenditure | 401,018 | 0.34 (0.34) | 143,566 | 0.36 (0.30) | |
| Weekly per capita animal food expenditure | 401,080 | 0.29 (0.39) | 143,573 | 0.43 (0.40) | |
| Number of household members eating from same kitchen | 2–4 | 177,187 | 44.2 | 74,011 | 51.8 |
| > 4 | 223,862 | 55.8 | 68,982 | 48.2 | |
| Weekly per capita household expenditure, quintile† | 1 | 80,218 | 20.0 | 28,715 | 20.0 |
| 2 | 80,214 | 20.0 | 28,715 | 20.0 | |
| 3 | 80,225 | 20.0 | 28,717 | 20.0 | |
| 4 | 80,210 | 20.0 | 28,713 | 20.0 | |
| 5 | 80,219 | 20.0 | 28,715 | 20.0 | |
*
BMI = body mass index.
†
Cut-offs for quintiles was $1.40, $1.94, $2.57, and $3.66 for rural families and $1.88, $2.52, $3.24, and $4.40 for families from urban slums.