Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Feb 23.
Published in final edited form as: IEEE Int Conf Robot Autom. 2007 Apr 10;2007:3015–3020. doi: 10.1109/ROBOT.2007.363930

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

Simulation with an initial deviation of β = 5° and γ = 10° and correct depth. In this simulation there is no measurement noise. With no control, even when the needle starts on the desired plane, small deviations in the “pitch” and “roll” cause the needle to diverge the needle from the desired plane. With control, the needle stabilizes to the desired plane.