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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Feb 23.
Published in final edited form as: IEEE Int Conf Robot Autom. 2007 Apr 10;2007:3015–3020. doi: 10.1109/ROBOT.2007.363930

Fig. 8.

Fig. 8

Experimental runs with needle inserted at the right depth: We cannot accurately determine the initial values of other two states- x2 and x3 during the initial insertion. With the controller the distance of the needle tip from the desired 2D plane is within the measurement noise levels.