Table 1.
Electronic microscopy, viral culture, real-time PCR, and E. coli culture results for 2006-2008 “viral” stool samples in Alberta and northern territories of Canada
| Yr (no. of samples) | Median patient age (yr) (interquartile range) for all included samples | No. of samples positive/total no. tested (% positive) for: |
Median patient age (yr) (interquartile range) for Stx-positive samples) | Types of stx genes (n) | No. culture positive on nonselective and/or selective solid medium/total no. Stx positive (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Enteric virus, tested by EMa | Norovirus | Virus, tested by viral cultureb | Enteric bacteria, tested by enteric culturec | Stx, tested by real-time PCR | |||||
| 2006 (960) | 11 (1.2–60)d | 46/855 (5.4)e | 45/86 (52.3)f | 6/61 (9.8)g | 6/189 (3.2)g | 10/960 (1.0)f | 6.5 (4.8–58)h | stx1 (5), stx2 (1), stx1 and stx2 (4) | 0/10 (0)i |
| 2007 (712) | 7 (1.1–49)d | 43/666 (6.5)e | 18/52 (34.6)f | 1/47 (2.1)g | 6/140 (4.3)g | 16/712 (2.3)f | 2.5 (1.4–52)h | stx1 (11), stx2 (2), stx1 and stx2 (3) | 6/16 (38)i |
| 2008 (1,053) | 19 (1.4–54)d | 35/1018 (3.4)e | 17/45 (37.8)f | 0/22 (0)g | 2/108 (1/9)g | 12/1053 (1.1)f | 10 (1.4–22)h | stx1 (7), stx2 (1), stx1 and stx2 (4) | 9/12 (75)i |
| Total (2,725) | 12.5 (1.2–55) | 124/2539 (4.9) | 80/183 (37.8) | 7/130 (5.4) | 14/437 (3.2) | 38/2725 (1.4) | 10 (1.8–50) | stx1 (23), stx2 (4), stx1 and stx2 (11) | 15/38 (39.5) |
Enteric viruses detected by electron microscopy (EM) in the different years: 2006, 5 adenovirus and 41 rotavirus; 2007, 3 adenovirus, 39 rotavirus, and 1 small round structured virus; 2008, 8 adenovirus, 25 rotavirus, and 2 small round structured virus.
Viruses isolated by culture in the different years: 2006, 1 adenovirus and 5 enterovirus; 2007, 1 enterovirus.
Bacteria isolated by enteric culture in the different years: 2006, 2 Campylobacter jejuni, 2 Clostridium perfringens, 1 Aeromonas caviae, and 1 Salmonella Poona; 2007, 3 Salmonella Typhimurium, 1 Salmonella Hadar, 1 Aeromonas caviae, and 1 Campylobacter jejuni; 2008, 1 Aeromonas caviae and 1 Plesiomonas shigelloides.
P < 0.05 by Kruskal-Wallis test.
P < 0.05 by chi-square test.
Not significant by chi-square test.
Not significant by Fisher exact test.
Not significant by Kruskal-Wallis test.
P < 0.05 by Fisher exact test.