Figure 5.

Electron-based measurements in real space can be used to quantify heterogeneous structure at the single-molecule scale. (a) STM image of Br adatom islands on Cu{111}. (b) Histogram of inter-island distances exhibits peaks at multiples of half the Fermi wavevector; black dotted line shows the expected distribution in the absence of interisland interactions. (c) Automated analysis of TEM images identifies gold nanoparticle and gold/quantum dot groupings on single-molecule DNA scaffolds; DNA scaffolds are not visible in TEM images due to the low atomic number of organic elements. Adapted from refs (91) and (98)−(100).