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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Feb 23.
Published in final edited form as: Ann Thorac Surg. 2010 Dec;90(6):2001–2008. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2010.06.118

Table 3.

Blood Brain Barrier Leakage Determined by Pixel Intensity of Evans Blue Dye Using Fluorescence Microscopy: Comparison between Study Groups*

Brain Region 37°C, OFF 37°C, FF 25°C, LF 25°C, HCA 15°C, HCA
Cortex 0.07
(0.04–0.12)		 0.57
(0.34–2.52)		 0.57
(0.42–10.75)		 10.71
(3.03–69.68)		 3.89
(1.13–14.48)
Caudate 0.04
(0.03–0.05)		 0.62
(0.12–3.61)		 0.79
(0.10–3.94)		 3.61
(0.86–38.07)		 1.12
(0.45–2.52)
Hippocampus 0.03
(0.01–0.05)		 0.06
(0.03–0.86)		 0.11
(0.02–2.24)		 5.02
0.60–8.17)		 0.17
(0.00–1.54)
Thalamus 0.02
(0.01–0.10)		 0.26
(0.15–2.01)		 0.54
(0.21–6.15)		 5.29
(0.20–29.92)		 0.59
(0.00–1.77)
Cerebellum 0.03
(0.02–0.04)		 1.42
(0.27–1.94)		 0.35
(0.03–4.51)		 11.7
(5.43–37.26)		 1.21
(0.14–23.67)

Data represent median pixel intensity with interquartile range shown in parentheses.

*

Analysis was performed between groups with the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U-test.

Cortex: each group was significantly greater than 37°C, OFF (all p<0.01). No other group differences were detected, except 25°C, LF vs. 25°C, HCA (p<0.01).

Caudate: 25°C, HCA and 15°C, HCA both greater than 37°C, OFF (both p<0.01); no other group differences were observed (all p>0.10).

Hippocampus: the only significant difference was between 25°C, HCA vs. 37°C, OFF (p<0.01); no other group differences were detected (p>0.10).

Thalamus: 37°C, FF (p=0.03), 25°C, LF (p=0.02), and 25°C, HCA (p=0.02) greater than 37°C, OFF; no other group differences were found (all p>0.20).

Cerebellum: 37°C, FF (p<0.01) and 25°C, HCA (p<0.01) were greater than 37°C, OFF. In addition, 25°C, HCA was significantly greater than 25°C, LF (p<0.01) but no other group differences (all p>0.20).