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. 2011 Feb 21;192(4):547–556. doi: 10.1083/jcb.201009094

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© 2011 Rodier and Campisi

This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike–No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.rupress.org/terms). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported license, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/).

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Figure 1. — Hallmarks of senescent cells. Senescent cells differ from other nondividing (quiescent, terminally differentiated) cells in several ways, although no single feature of the senescent phenotype is exclusively specific. Hallmarks of senescent cells include an essentially irreversible growth arrest; expression of SA-Bgal and p16INK4a; robust secretion of numerous growth factors, cytokines, proteases, and other proteins (SASP); and nuclear foci containing DDR proteins (DNA-SCARS/TIF) or heterochromatin (SAHF). The pink circles in the nonsenescent cell (left) and senescent cell (right) represent the nucleus.