Table 2.

Brain Regions Where Nicotine-Placebo Changes in BOLD Signals Were Shown to Significantly Contribute to Nicotine-Induced Changes in Hit Rate, Based on the Combined Sample (n = 38, at P < .001 and extent < 702 mm³, or P_corrected < .05)

Cluster Number	Locations	Laterality	Volume (mm3)	Talaraich Coordinates			Correlation with nicotine-induced RVIP hit rate change
				x	y	z	r	P
1	Superior/middle temporal lobe	Left	3132	−48	2	−8	0.47	.003
2	Thalamus (medial dorsal, anterior nucleus, and pulvinar)	Midline	2673	−5	−14	13	0.36	.027
3	Superior/inferior temporal lobe	Right	2214	37	7	−23	0.46	.004
4	Prefrontal lobe	Bilateral	2160	−11	50	28	0.38	.018
5	Middle frontal lobe (frontal eye field)	Left	1134	−38	−14	54	0.39	.016
6	Cerebellum	Midline	1026	−1	−40	−10	0.33	.042
7	Brain stem	Midline	972	5	−24	−22	0.35	.031
8	Inferior frontal gyrus	Left	972	−50	−1	24	0.37	.023
9	SMA/anterior cingulate cortex	Midline	972	−5	−6	52	0.47	.003
10	Middle frontal lobe (frontal eye field)	Right	891	24	−10	62	0.50	.002
11	Superior/inferior parietal lobule	Left	729	−29	−54	44	0.38	.019
12	Ventral striatum/claustrum	Right	702	24	5	−4	0.45	.005

Note: See figure 4 for each number of anatomic locations. Correlation coefficients in the table are bivariate correlations between the mean nicotine-enhanced activation (ie, nicotine > placebo) of each significant cluster and the nicotine-induced change in hit rates. There was no significant nicotine effect × diagnosis in these regions; the results were therefore based on the combined sample. Talaraich coordinates were local maxima. BOLD, blood oxygen level–dependent; SMA, sensory motor area.