Table 5.
Multivariate analysis to determine associations between rehabilitation therapy and clinical and sociodemographic factors in patients with stroke
| Variables | Odds ratio (95% CI) for receipt of therapy | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physiotherapy or occupational therapy (n=1006) | P value | Speech and language therapy (n=1000) | P value | |
| Year of stroke: | ||||
| 2005 | 1.00 | <0.001* | 1.00 | <0.001* |
| 2006 | 0.55 (0.03 to 9.81) | 1.57 (0.07 to 34.63) | ||
| 2007 | 1.27 (0.09 to 17.21) | 1.48 (0.09 to 24.47) | ||
| 2008 | 2.28 (0.19 to 27.47) | 3.18 (0.22 to 46.49) | ||
| 2009 | 3.46 (0.28 to 42.10) | 4.61 (0.31 to 67.64) | ||
| Male | 1.00 | 0.97 | 1.00 | 0.38 |
| Female | 0.99 (0.70 to 1.42) | 1.13 (0.86 to 1.50) | ||
| Age (years): | ||||
| <64 | 1.00 | 0.002* | 1.00 | 0.30* |
| 65-74 | 1.12 (0.70 to 1.78) | 1.17 (0.80 to 1.71) | ||
| 75-84 | 1.70 (1.05 to 2.77) | 1.23 (0.84 to 1.79) | ||
| ≥85 | 2.47 (1.30 to 4.71) | 1.25 (0.78 to 2.03) | ||
| Ethnicity: | ||||
| White | 1.00 | 0.01 | 1.00 | 0.19 |
| Black | 1.90 (1.21 to 2.97) | 1.35 (0.97 to 1.87) | ||
| Other | 1.27 (0.61 to 2.61) | 0.95 (0.52 to 1.72) | ||
| Socioeconomic status: | ||||
| Non-manual | 1.00 | 0.29 | 1.00 | 0.56 |
| Manual | 1.22 (0.82 to 1.81) | 1.09 (0.79 to 1.49) | ||
| Economically inactive | 0.85 (0.51 to 1.42) | 0.88 (0.57 to 1.35) | ||
| Living conditions before stroke: | ||||
| Alone in private accommodation | 1.00 | 0.70 | 1.00 | 0.75 |
| With others in private accommodation | 1.16 (0.81 to 1.67) | 1.10 (0.82 to 1.48) | ||
| Nursing home or other | 1.16 (0.61 to 2.21) | 1.16 (0.71 to 1.92) | ||
| Stroke subtype: | ||||
| Infarct | 1.00 | 0.05 | 1.00 | <0.001 |
| Haemorrhage | 0.61 (0.37 to 0.99) | 0.44 (0.28 to 0.70) | ||
| Glasgow coma scale score: | ||||
| <13 (impaired consciousness) | 1.00 | <0.001 | 1.00 | 0.004 |
| ≥13 | 3.30 (2.02 to 5.42) | 1.86 (1.22 to 2.85) | ||
| Incontinence: | ||||
| No | 1.00 | 0.04 | 1.00 | <0.001 |
| Yes | 1.61 (1.01 to 2.56) | 2.23 (1.58 to 3.16) | ||
| Motor deficit: | ||||
| No | 1.00 | 0.17 | 1.00 | 0.69 |
| Yes | 1.49 (0.94 to 2.37) | 1.07 (0.73 to 1.57) | ||
| Swallow deficit: | ||||
| No | 1.00 | 0.18 | 1.00 | <0.001 |
| Yes | 0.94 (0.58 to 1.53) | 3.36 (2.26 to 4.99) | ||
All analyses are adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, stroke subtype, level of consciousness, incontinence, motor deficit, dysphagia, and year of stroke. Analysis limited to patients admitted to hospital between 2005 and 2009.
*P trend.