Table 2.
Mean rankings for estimated relative levels of technical, operational, and overall elimination feasibility by parasite species for malaria-endemic countries
P falciparum/P vivax endemic |
Mean feasibility rankings |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
P falciparum, technical | P falciparum, operational | P falciparum, overall | P vivax, operational | ||
WHO Regional Office for Africa | |||||
Algeria* | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Angola | Both | 59·34 | 78·46 | 76·50 | 91·20 |
Benin | Both | 75·56 | 42·50 | 42·50 | 27·43 |
Botswana | Both | 32·81 | 4·47 | 9·44 | 13·71 |
Burkina Faso | Both | 83·90 | 42·50 | 42·50 | 48·00 |
Burundi | Both | 52·70 | 28·33 | 28·33 | 72·00 |
Cameroon | Both | 71·72 | 68·00 | 70·83 | 27·43 |
Cape Verde* | Pf | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Central African Republic | Both | 68·00 | 79·69 | 78·46 | 89·14 |
Chad | Both | 50·09 | 81·60 | 80·53 | 90·00 |
Comoros | Both | 28·33 | 42·50 | 42·50 | 64·00 |
Congo | Both | 81·53 | 70·83 | 68·00 | 80·00 |
Côte d'Ivoire | Both | 83·90 | 78·46 | 76·50 | 80·00 |
Democratic Republic of the Congo | Both | 78·01 | 80·00 | 80·95 | 90·35 |
Equatorial Guinea | Both | 68·30 | 51·00 | 42·50 | 48·00 |
Eritrea | Both | 25·50 | 28·33 | 28·33 | 82·29 |
Ethiopia | Both | 52·42 | 78·46 | 77·27 | 91·43 |
Gabon | Both | 78·58 | 48·57 | 42·50 | 48·00 |
Ghana | Both | 83·79 | 30·91 | 42·50 | 13·71 |
Guinea | Both | 82·76 | 76·50 | 76·50 | 76·80 |
Guinea-Bissau | Both | 47·22 | 74·38 | 72·86 | 64·00 |
Kenya | Both | 66·11 | 42·50 | 68·00 | 48·00 |
Liberia | Both | 82·07 | 78·46 | 76·50 | 80·00 |
Madagascar | Both | 41·75 | 72·86 | 56·67 | 88·62 |
Malawi | Both | 74·10 | 42·50 | 42·50 | 13·71 |
Mali | Both | 71·45 | 74·38 | 76·50 | 80·00 |
Mauritania | Both | 45·65 | 28·33 | 28·33 | 24·00 |
Mozambique | Both | 62·63 | 68·00 | 68·00 | 16·00 |
Namibia | Both | 51·56 | 28·33 | 28·33 | 17·45 |
Niger | Both | 66·79 | 77·27 | 76·50 | 76·80 |
Nigeria | Both | 83·88 | 42·50 | 42·50 | 26·18 |
Rwanda | Both | 58·44 | 8·50 | 28·33 | 13·71 |
São Tomé and Príncipe | Both | 40·65 | 5·31 | 10·63 | 4·00 |
Senegal | Both | 67·11 | 42·50 | 42·50 | 10·67 |
Sierra Leone | Both | 76·85 | 72·86 | 70·83 | 36·00 |
Somalia | Both | 37·46 | 81·96 | 77·92 | 93·91 |
South Africa | Both | 66·52 | 12·14 | 28·33 | 27·43 |
Sudan | Both | 81·08 | 79·69 | 78·93 | 92·44 |
Swaziland | Both | 31·06 | 7·08 | 17·00 | 11·29 |
Tanzania | Both | 79·01 | 70·83 | 68·00 | 53·33 |
The Gambia | Both | 58·98 | 21·25 | 28·33 | 9·60 |
Togo | Both | 81·60 | 56·67 | 56·67 | 51·69 |
Uganda | Both | 73·03 | 70·83 | 68·00 | 54·86 |
Zambia | Both | 72·25 | 63·75 | 56·67 | 57·60 |
Zimbabwe | Both | 66·69 | 42·50 | 63·75 | 64·00 |
WHO Regional Office for the Americas | |||||
Argentina | Pv | .. | .. | .. | 2·00 |
Belize | Both | 2·00 | 5·00 | 5·31 | 19·20 |
Bolivia | Both | 3·40 | 17·00 | 21·25 | 72·00 |
Brazil | Both | 22·55 | 4·25 | 4·72 | 32·00 |
Colombia | Both | 7·97 | 9·44 | 10·63 | 41·14 |
Costa Rica | Pv | .. | .. | .. | 10·67 |
Dominican Republic | Pf | 10·08 | 3·40 | 4·72 | .. |
Ecuador | Both | 9·60 | 28·33 | 21·25 | 72·00 |
El Salvador | Pv | .. | .. | .. | 3·31 |
French Guiana† | Both | 18·89 | 34·00 | 42·50 | 21·33 |
Guatemala | Both | 3·45 | 18·89 | 5·67 | 64·00 |
Guyana | Both | 3·40 | 56·67 | 42·50 | 67·20 |
Haiti | Pf | 12·88 | 70·83 | 42·50 | .. |
Honduras | Both | 3·86 | 3·86 | 4·47 | 41·14 |
Mexico | Pv | .. | .. | .. | 16·00 |
Nicaragua | Both | 6·75 | 21·25 | 5·67 | 64·00 |
Panama | Both | 13·19 | 10·63 | 14·17 | 32·00 |
Paraguay | Pv | .. | .. | .. | 32·00 |
Peru | Both | 9·11 | 24·29 | 21·25 | 64·00 |
Suriname | Both | 1·00 | 7·08 | 5·00 | 38·40 |
Venezuela | Both | 3·86 | 12·14 | 17·00 | 72·00 |
WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean | |||||
Afghanistan | Both | 15·11 | 75·56 | 70·83 | 91·64 |
Djibouti | Both | 14·78 | 4·05 | 5·67 | 48·00 |
Iran | Both | 9·30 | 4·47 | 7·08 | 14·77 |
Iraq | Pv | .. | .. | .. | 64·00 |
Pakistan | Both | 54·34 | 72·86 | 70·83 | 90·00 |
Saudi Arabia | Both | 34·33 | 2·93 | 21·25 | 2·09 |
Yemen | Both | 34·30 | 81·14 | 77·27 | 93·26 |
WHO Regional Office for Europe | |||||
Azerbaijan | Pv | .. | .. | .. | 19·20 |
Georgia | Pv | .. | .. | .. | 4·00 |
Kyrgyzstan | Pv | .. | .. | .. | 5·33 |
Tajikistan | Both | 5·31 | 28·33 | 21·25 | 64·00 |
Turkey | Pv | .. | .. | .. | 6·86 |
Uzbekistan | Pv | .. | .. | .. | 11·29 |
WHO Regional Office for Southeast Asia | |||||
Bangladesh | Both | 50·09 | 28·33 | 42·50 | 80·00 |
Bhutan | Both | 16·40 | 28·33 | 42·50 | 64·00 |
Burma | Both | 41·56 | 79·33 | 75·56 | 93·26 |
India | Both | 68·26 | 42·50 | 42·50 | 64·00 |
Indonesia | Both | 28·33 | 56·67 | 56·67 | 90·00 |
Nepal | Both | 19·19 | 42·50 | 42·50 | 72·00 |
North Korea | Pv | .. | .. | .. | 32·00 |
Sri Lanka | Both | 24·52 | 14·17 | 21·25 | 19·20 |
Thailand | Both | 37·95 | 17·00 | 21·25 | 19·20 |
Timor-Leste | Both | 16·74 | 28·33 | 28·33 | 72·00 |
WHO Western Pacific Region | |||||
Cambodia | Both | 33·71 | 42·50 | 28·33 | 57·60 |
China | Both | 7·73 | 14·17 | 21·25 | 32·00 |
Laos | Both | 24·68 | 76·50 | 72·86 | 85·33 |
Malaysia | Both | 41·75 | 7·73 | 17·00 | 32·00 |
Papua New Guinea | Both | 9·30 | 77·92 | 56·67 | 91·20 |
Philippines | Both | 38·64 | 21·25 | 21·25 | 60·00 |
South Korea | Pv | .. | .. | .. | 6·86 |
Solomon Islands | Both | 23·45 | 72·86 | 70·83 | 68·57 |
Vanuatu | Both | 5·15 | 17·00 | 17·00 | 38·40 |
Vietnam | Both | 16·40 | 10·63 | 17·00 | 27·43 |
Lowest values=most feasible. Highest values=least feasible. Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) and Plasmodium vivax (Pv) endemic classifications are defined in Guerra et al.11,43 Technical feasibility is assessed by combining data for baseline transmission with data for imported malaria. Operational feasibility is assessed by combining data for governance, data for health systems, and data for populations at risk.
Data are limited or too few cases exist for these countries, hence the discrepancies with Feachem et al.2
French Guiana is an overseas region of France and not a separate country, but is listed here since it has endemic malaria transmission.