Table 2.
Means and Standard Deviations of All Measures across U.S./Australia and Scandinavia
| Measures | U.S./Australia |
Scandinavia |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | SD | M | SD | |
| Preschool | ||||
| WPPSI Vocabulary | 19.7 | 6.9 | 18.3 | 5.4 |
| Picture naming | 78.0 | 9.2 | 78.2 | 9.9 |
| End of Kindergarten | ||||
| Elision | 6.2 | 3.7 | 4.7 | 4.0 |
| Blending | 8.9 | 4.1 | 7.2 | 4.8 |
| RAN-digits | 79.8 | 33.0 | 92.7 | 36.4 |
| RAN-letters | 86.6 | 36.7 | 104.1 | 39.6 |
| Word Recognition | 29.6 | 27.0 | 10.9 | 18.6 |
| Phonological Decoding | 12.6 | 13.7 | 8.4 | 13.6 |
| Spelling | 55.5 | 19.6 | 44.1 | 30.4 |
| End of Grade 1 | ||||
| Elision | 10.5 | 4.7 | 9.7 | 5.6 |
| Blending | 12.5 | 3.6 | 14.0 | 3.9 |
| RAN-digits | 50.5 | 18.4 | 54.6 | 16.8 |
| RAN-letters | 56.5 | 23.3 | 64.3 | 22.4 |
| Word Recognition | 82.7 | 33.1 | 49.4 | 29.5 |
| Phonological Decoding | 35.5 | 22.7 | 30.2 | 17.6 |
| Spelling | 13.0 | 5.2 | 16.5 | 7.1 |
| End of Grade 2 | ||||
| Word recognition | 110.5 | 29.5 | 85.0 | 29.9 |
| Phonological decoding | 51.2 | 25.0 | 45.2 | 19.5 |
| Spelling | 18.2 | 5.8 | 23.7 | 6.5 |
Note. WPPSI = Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence.