Skip to main content
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1987 Apr;84(7):1794–1798. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.7.1794

Deduced primary structure of the beta subunit of brain type II Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase determined by molecular cloning.

M K Bennett, M B Kennedy
PMCID: PMC304527  PMID: 3470758

Abstract

cDNA clones coding for the beta subunit of rat brain type II Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase were isolated and sequenced. The clones, including one containing the entire coding region, hybridize at high stringency to a single band of poly(A)+ RNA of length 4.8 kilobases. The subunit coded for by the clones was identified by in vitro transcription of the cDNA followed by translation of the resulting RNA. The DNA sequence of the clones contains a single long open reading frame (1626 nucleotides) coding for a protein of 542 amino acids with a molecular weight of 60,333, the amino-terminal half of which is homologous to several other protein kinases. Potential ATP- and calmodulin-binding domains were identified. Two independent clones contain an identical 45-nucleotide deletion, relative to the clones described above, resulting in a shorter open reading frame coding for a protein of molecular weight 58,000. This suggests that the minor, 58-kDa beta' subunit of the type II Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase may be synthesized on a separate message.

Full text

PDF
1798

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Ahmad Z., DePaoli-Roach A. A., Roach P. J. Purification and characterization of a rabbit liver calmodulin-dependent protein kinase able to phosphorylate glycogen synthase. J Biol Chem. 1982 Jul 25;257(14):8348–8355. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Aviv H., Leder P. Purification of biologically active globin messenger RNA by chromatography on oligothymidylic acid-cellulose. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 Jun;69(6):1408–1412. doi: 10.1073/pnas.69.6.1408. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bennett M. K., Erondu N. E., Kennedy M. B. Purification and characterization of a calmodulin-dependent protein kinase that is highly concentrated in brain. J Biol Chem. 1983 Oct 25;258(20):12735–12744. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Benton W. D., Davis R. W. Screening lambdagt recombinant clones by hybridization to single plaques in situ. Science. 1977 Apr 8;196(4286):180–182. doi: 10.1126/science.322279. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Blumenthal D. K., Takio K., Edelman A. M., Charbonneau H., Titani K., Walsh K. A., Krebs E. G. Identification of the calmodulin-binding domain of skeletal muscle myosin light chain kinase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 May;82(10):3187–3191. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.10.3187. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Celenza J. L., Carlson M. A yeast gene that is essential for release from glucose repression encodes a protein kinase. Science. 1986 Sep 12;233(4769):1175–1180. doi: 10.1126/science.3526554. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Chirgwin J. M., Przybyla A. E., MacDonald R. J., Rutter W. J. Isolation of biologically active ribonucleic acid from sources enriched in ribonuclease. Biochemistry. 1979 Nov 27;18(24):5294–5299. doi: 10.1021/bi00591a005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Chou P. Y., Fasman G. D. Prediction of the secondary structure of proteins from their amino acid sequence. Adv Enzymol Relat Areas Mol Biol. 1978;47:45–148. doi: 10.1002/9780470122921.ch2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Cox J. A., Comte M., Fitton J. E., DeGrado W. F. The interaction of calmodulin with amphiphilic peptides. J Biol Chem. 1985 Feb 25;260(4):2527–2534. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Erondu N. E., Kennedy M. B. Regional distribution of type II Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase in rat brain. J Neurosci. 1985 Dec;5(12):3270–3277. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.05-12-03270.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Goldenring J. R., Gonzalez B., McGuire J. S., Jr, DeLorenzo R. J. Purification and characterization of a calmodulin-dependent kinase from rat brain cytosol able to phosphorylate tubulin and microtubule-associated proteins. J Biol Chem. 1983 Oct 25;258(20):12632–12640. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Goldenring J. R., McGuire J. S., Jr, DeLorenzo R. J. Identification of the major postsynaptic density protein as homologous with the major calmodulin-binding subunit of a calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. J Neurochem. 1984 Apr;42(4):1077–1084. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb12713.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Hashimoto E., Takio K., Krebs E. G. Amino acid sequence at the ATP-binding site of cGMP-dependent protein kinase. J Biol Chem. 1982 Jan 25;257(2):727–733. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Jackson R. J., Hunt T. Preparation and use of nuclease-treated rabbit reticulocyte lysates for the translation of eukaryotic messenger RNA. Methods Enzymol. 1983;96:50–74. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(83)96008-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Kamps M. P., Taylor S. S., Sefton B. M. Direct evidence that oncogenic tyrosine kinases and cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase have homologous ATP-binding sites. Nature. 1984 Aug 16;310(5978):589–592. doi: 10.1038/310589a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Kelly P. T., McGuinness T. L., Greengard P. Evidence that the major postsynaptic density protein is a component of a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Feb;81(3):945–949. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.3.945. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Kennedy M. B., Bennett M. K., Erondu N. E. Biochemical and immunochemical evidence that the "major postsynaptic density protein" is a subunit of a calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Dec;80(23):7357–7361. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.23.7357. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Kennedy M. B., McGuinness T., Greengard P. A calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase from mammalian brain that phosphorylates Synapsin I: partial purification and characterization. J Neurosci. 1983 Apr;3(4):818–831. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.03-04-00818.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Knopf J. L., Lee M. H., Sultzman L. A., Kriz R. W., Loomis C. R., Hewick R. M., Bell R. M. Cloning and expression of multiple protein kinase C cDNAs. Cell. 1986 Aug 15;46(4):491–502. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90874-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Kozak M. Point mutations define a sequence flanking the AUG initiator codon that modulates translation by eukaryotic ribosomes. Cell. 1986 Jan 31;44(2):283–292. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90762-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Lukas T. J., Burgess W. H., Prendergast F. G., Lau W., Watterson D. M. Calmodulin binding domains: characterization of a phosphorylation and calmodulin binding site from myosin light chain kinase. Biochemistry. 1986 Mar 25;25(6):1458–1464. doi: 10.1021/bi00354a041. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. McGuinness T. L., Lai Y., Greengard P. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II. Isozymic forms from rat forebrain and cerebellum. J Biol Chem. 1985 Feb 10;260(3):1696–1704. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. McGuinness T. L., Lai Y., Greengard P., Woodgett J. R., Cohen P. A multifunctional calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. Similarities between skeletal muscle glycogen synthase kinase and a brain synapsin I kinase. FEBS Lett. 1983 Nov 14;163(2):329–334. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(83)80846-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Meinkoth J., Wahl G. Hybridization of nucleic acids immobilized on solid supports. Anal Biochem. 1984 May 1;138(2):267–284. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(84)90808-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Melton D. A., Krieg P. A., Rebagliati M. R., Maniatis T., Zinn K., Green M. R. Efficient in vitro synthesis of biologically active RNA and RNA hybridization probes from plasmids containing a bacteriophage SP6 promoter. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Sep 25;12(18):7035–7056. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.18.7035. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Messing J. New M13 vectors for cloning. Methods Enzymol. 1983;101:20–78. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(83)01005-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Miller S. G., Kennedy M. B. Distinct forebrain and cerebellar isozymes of type II Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase associate differently with the postsynaptic density fraction. J Biol Chem. 1985 Jul 25;260(15):9039–9046. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Miller S. G., Kennedy M. B. Regulation of brain type II Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase by autophosphorylation: a Ca2+-triggered molecular switch. Cell. 1986 Mar 28;44(6):861–870. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90008-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Moon R. T., Ngai J., Wold B. J., Lazarides E. Tissue-specific expression of distinct spectrin and ankyrin transcripts in erythroid and nonerythroid cells. J Cell Biol. 1985 Jan;100(1):152–160. doi: 10.1083/jcb.100.1.152. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Ouimet C. C., McGuinness T. L., Greengard P. Immunocytochemical localization of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II in rat brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Sep;81(17):5604–5608. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.17.5604. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Parker P. J., Coussens L., Totty N., Rhee L., Young S., Chen E., Stabel S., Waterfield M. D., Ullrich A. The complete primary structure of protein kinase C--the major phorbol ester receptor. Science. 1986 Aug 22;233(4766):853–859. doi: 10.1126/science.3755547. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Payne M. E., Schworer C. M., Soderling T. R. Purification and characterization of rabbit liver calmodulin-dependent glycogen synthase kinase. J Biol Chem. 1983 Feb 25;258(4):2376–2382. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Pearson R. B., Woodgett J. R., Cohen P., Kemp B. E. Substrate specificity of a multifunctional calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. J Biol Chem. 1985 Nov 25;260(27):14471–14476. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Reimann E. M., Titani K., Ericsson L. H., Wade R. D., Fischer E. H., Walsh K. A. Homology of the gamma subunit of phosphorylase b kinase with cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Biochemistry. 1984 Aug 28;23(18):4185–4192. doi: 10.1021/bi00313a027. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Saitoh T., Schwartz J. H. Phosphorylation-dependent subcellular translocation of a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase produces an autonomous enzyme in Aplysia neurons. J Cell Biol. 1985 Mar;100(3):835–842. doi: 10.1083/jcb.100.3.835. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Sanger F., Nicklen S., Coulson A. R. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463–5467. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.12.5463. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Schiffer M., Edmundson A. B. Use of helical wheels to represent the structures of proteins and to identify segments with helical potential. Biophys J. 1967 Mar;7(2):121–135. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(67)86579-2. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Shoji S., Parmelee D. C., Wade R. D., Kumar S., Ericsson L. H., Walsh K. A., Neurath H., Long G. L., Demaille J. G., Fischer E. H. Complete amino acid sequence of the catalytic subunit of bovine cardiac muscle cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Feb;78(2):848–851. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.2.848. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Takio K., Blumenthal D. K., Edelman A. M., Walsh K. A., Krebs E. G., Titani K. Amino acid sequence of an active fragment of rabbit skeletal muscle myosin light chain kinase. Biochemistry. 1985 Oct 22;24(22):6028–6037. doi: 10.1021/bi00343a002. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Takio K., Wade R. D., Smith S. B., Krebs E. G., Walsh K. A., Titani K. Guanosine cyclic 3',5'-phosphate dependent protein kinase, a chimeric protein homologous with two separate protein families. Biochemistry. 1984 Aug 28;23(18):4207–4218. doi: 10.1021/bi00313a030. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Young R. A., Davis R. W. Efficient isolation of genes by using antibody probes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Mar;80(5):1194–1198. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.5.1194. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Zoller M. J., Nelson N. C., Taylor S. S. Affinity labeling of cAMP-dependent protein kinase with p-fluorosulfonylbenzoyl adenosine. Covalent modification of lysine 71. J Biol Chem. 1981 Nov 10;256(21):10837–10842. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES