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The six base pair parameters; twist, roll, tilt, rise, shift and slide. DNA base pairs are shown by rectangular solids (top). Schematic view of the adjacent base pairs, and the covalent bonds along the backbones, which are simply modeled by two springs (bottom). The half of the length and width of of the base pairs are shown by l and w, respectively, and b equals to the rise of undeformed DNA. At each base pair, we consider a localized Cartesian coordinate system xyz.
