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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Feb 28.
Published in final edited form as: Risk Anal. 2009 Nov;29(11):1549–1565. doi: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01299.x

Table IV.

Total, Direct, and Total Indirect Effects1 Generated by Format

AN - Plain AN - Graded Female Graded - Plain Male
Format Effects2 TIME 1
CFI = .903
SRMR = .039
n = 177		 TIME 2
CFI = .908
SRMR = .037
n = 177		 TIME 1
CFI = 0.893
SRMR
=.048
n=110		 TIME 2
CFI = .907
SRMR
=.042
n=110		 TIME 1
CFI =.867
SRMR
=.053
n=62		 TIME 2
CFI =.913
SRMR
=.036
n=62
On Risk Mitigation R2 = .68 R2 = .70 R2 = .67 R2 = .68 R2 = .70 R2 = .75
 Total effects .49*** .45*** .51*** .43** .40* .30+
 Direct effects .19* .20* .08 .14 .30* .24+
 Total indirect effects .30*** .25*** .43*** .28** .10 .06
  ∞Via likelihood .02 .09 .02 .07 .04 .04
  ∞Via severity −.02 .08 .05 .07 .03 .04
  ∞Via safety belief .21 .07 .29 .07 .06 0
  ∞Via serious
problem		 .05 .10 .04 .08 .03 .08
  ∞Via distress .04 .02 .07 .07 −.02 −.01
On Safety Beliefs R2 = .58 R2 = .65 R2 = .56 R2 = .67 R2 = .561 R2 = .662
 Total effects .63*** .40*** .73*** .51*** .25 −.02
 Direct effects .63*** .20* .67*** .38*** .18 −.17
 Total indirect effects 0 .20** .06 .13 .07 .15
  Via severity −.01 .09* .04 .03 .03 .11
  Via likelihood .01 .11* .02 .10 .04 .04
On Serious Problem R2 = .60 R2 = .70 R2 = .61 R2 = .66 R2 = .549 R2 = .771
 Total Effects .36*** .37*** 0.47*** .38* .09 .22
 Total direct effects .37*** .14+ .37*** .21* 0 .05
 Total indirect effects −.01 .23** .10 .17 .09 .17
  Via severity −.02 .13** .08 .09 .05 .12
  Via likelihood .01 .10* .02 .08 .04 .05
On Distress R2 = .54 R2 = .55 R2 = .47 R2 = .54 R2 = .55 R2 = .54
 Total Effects .44*** .44*** .38** .45** .26 .11
 Direct effects .45*** .25* .29* .30* .17 −.03
 Total indirect effects −.01 .19** .09 .15 .08 .14
  Via severity −.02 .12* .07 .09 .05 .10
  Via likelihood .01 .07+ .02 .06 .03 .04
1

Y-standardized effects

2

Format effects are defined as follows: Direct Effects = path from format to the designated dependent variable, Total Indirect Effects = sum of all paths from format to the designated variable that occur indirectly through another variable, Total Effects = Direct Effects + Total Indirect Effects; Total Indirect Effects Via (likelihood, severity…..) = Sum of all indirect effects that occur through that variable.

∞

p-values are not available for these summed indirect effects via each of these variables

+

p < .10,

*

p < .05,

**

p < .01,

***

p < .001