Table 1.
Maternal Characteristicsa
| Variables | Ancestry | Altitude |
Ancestry |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low | High | Altitude | Low | High | ||
| AIMs % | ||||||
| European | European | 51.6 ± 3.5 (23) | 73.0 ± 4.1 (28) | P < .001 | ||
| Andean | 15.4 ± 2.0 (19) | 4.3 ± 1.4 (29) | P < .001 | P < .001 | P < .001 | |
| Amer-Indian | European | 38.7 ± 2.8 (23) | 20.0 ± 3.8 (28) | P < .001 | ||
| Andean | 74.3 ± 1.9 (19) | 93.6 ± 1.6 (29) | P < .001 | P < .001 | P < .001 | |
| African | European | 9.6 ± 1.2 (23) | 7.1 ± 1.2 (29) | NS | ||
| Andean | 10.4 ± 0.8 (19) | 2.1 ± 0.7 (28) | P < .001 | NS | P < .01 | |
| Age, year | European | 27.4 ± 5.5 (23) | 31.5 ± 0.8 (27) | P < .01 | NS | P < .01 |
| Andean | 25.4 ± 1.4 (19) | 27.2 ± 1.3 (29) | NS | |||
| Parity, no live births | European | 1.7 ± 0.2 (23) | 2.0 ± 0.2 (28) | NS | NS | NS b |
| Andean | 1.6 ± 0.2 (19) | 2.7 ± 0.3 (29) | P < .05 | |||
| Height, cm | European | 159.3 ± 1.1 (23) | 161.3 ± 1.3 (28) | NS | P < .01 | P < .001 |
| Andean | 155.3 ± 0.9 (19) | 150.4 ± 0.9 (29) | P < .001 | |||
| Weight gain (20-36 weeks), kg | European | 9.7 ± 0.7 (21) | 6.9 ± 0.8 (17) | P < .05 | NS | NS |
| Andean | 8.4 ± 1.2 (15) | 6.1 ± 0.6 (27) | NS | |||
| Weight at 36 weeks, kg | European | 76.7 ± 2.7 (21) | 71.9 ± 1.8 (26) | NS | P < .05 | P < .05 |
| Andean | 68.7 ± 2.7 (15) | 66.4 ± 1.8 (29) | NS | |||
| Household income, US$/month | European | 329 ± 64 (19) | 1396 ± 330 (29) | P < .01 | NS | P < .01 |
| Andean | 219 ± 43 (13) | 142 ± 33 (18) | NS | |||
| Residence >2500 m, year | European | --- | 10.2 ± 2.1 (26) | --- | --- | P < .001 |
| Andean | 21.5 ± 1.7 (29) | --- | ||||
| >Secondary education, % | European | 68 (46, 86) (23) | 54 (35,71) (28) | NS | NS | P < .01 |
| Andean | 58 (36, 78) (19) | 21 (9, 38) (29) | P < .05 | |||
Abbreviations: AIMs = ancestry informative markers; NS, not significant.
a Values are shown as mean ± SEM or 95% confidence intervals for proportions with sample sizes in parentheses
b .05 < P < .10 and NS.