Fig. 4. Modulation of urinary levels of HPNE metabolites (mean ± SD) by vitamin C supplements.
Urine was collected from all subjects shown in Figure 3. Vitamin C supplementation decreased urinary levels of ONO-MA (p=0.0013, panel A), HNE-MA (p=0.0213, panel B), and the total of ONO-MA, HNE-MA and DHN-MA (p=0.0092, panel C).