Table 2.

Biological agents in ankylosing spondylitis

Name	Biologic class	Half-life	Administration	Frequency	Published randomised control trial data
Infliximab	Chimeric TNF inhibitor	8 to 9 days	Intravenous	Every 6 to 8 weeks	5 years [11]
Etanercept	Fusion protein TNF inhibitor	70 hours	Subcutaneous	Twice a week or weekly	5 years [92]
Adalimumab	Fully human TNF inhibitor	2 weeks	Subcutaneous	Fortnightly	3 years [38]
Golimumab	Fully human TNF inhibitor	2 weeks	Subcutaneous	Every 4 weeks	24 weeks [14]
Rituximab	Anti-CD20 (anti-β cell)	3 weeks	Intravenous	Two doses	24 weeks [15]
Ustekinumab	Fully human IL-12 and IL-23 inhibitor	3 weeks	Subcutaneous	Every 4 weeks in psoriatic arthritis	None
Anakinra	IL-1 inhibitor	4 to 6 hours	Subcutaneous	Daily	24 weeks [17]