Table 3.
Comparison between SLE patients with and without atherosclerotic plaques
| SLE patients | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| With plaque (n = 49) |
Without plaque (n = 62) |
P | |
| Age, years | 55.79 ± 9.23 | 41.7 ± 12.76 | < 0.001 |
| Disease duration, mean | 14.00 years | 9.82 years | 0.025 |
| Current smokers, % (no.) | 7.2% (n = 8) | 6.3% (n = 7) | 0.44 |
| Presence of hypertension,% (no.) | 31.5% (n = 35) | 27% (n = 30) | 0.014 |
| Presence of diabetes,% (no.) | 4.5% (n = 5) | 0.9% (n = 1) | 0.047 |
| HOMA IR | 1.41 (0.91 to 1.94) | 1.20 (0.73 to 1.94) | 0.41 |
| Glucos (mmol/L) | 4.70 (4.30 to 5.00) | 4.35 (3.90 to 4.70) | 0.0013 |
| LDL(mmol/L) | 2.87 ± 1.05 | 2.28 ± 0.66 | 0.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia (LDL > 3) | 38.77 (n = 19) | 19.35 (n = 12) | 0.023 |
| Kolesterol (mmol/L) | 5.05 ± 1.26 | 4.35 ± 0.98 | 0.001 |
| ApoB/ApoA1, median | 0.60 (0.50 to 0.80) | 0.50 (0.45 to 0.60) | 0.004 |
| High sensitivity CRP, mg/l | 1.85 (0.82 to 4.05) | 1.75 (0.69 to 4.8) | 0.980 |
| Triglicerides (mmol/L) | 1.00 (0.74 to 1.50) | 0.94 (0.61 to 1.30) | 0.065 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.95 (22.28 to 28.41) | 24.16 (20.08 to 26.84) | 0.032 |
| SLAM | 6.00 (5 to 9) | 6.50 (4 to 10) | 0.41 |
| SLEDAI | 2 (0 to 5) | 2 (0 to 6) | 0.46 |
| SLICC | 1 (0 to 4) | 1(0 to 2) | 0.39 |
| Lupus anticoagulans | 10.81% (n = 12) | 14.41% (n = 16) | 0.87 |
| Anticardiolipin Ab | 8.18% (n = 9) | 11.81% (n = 13) | 0.70 |
| Beta 2 glycoprotein 1 | 15.45% (n = 17) | 18.18% (n = 20) | 0.83 |
| Cumulative lifetime glukocorticoid dose/year (g/year) | 2.49 (1.75 to 3.68) | 2.59 (1.87 to 3.49) | 0.952 |
| Glucocorticoid last year, gram | 0.9 (0 to 2.19) | 1.8 (0.07 to 2.70) | 0.093 |
| Chloroquin/hydroxychlorochine | 42.85% (n = 21) | 54.83% (n = 34) | P = 0.210 |
| IgM antiPC | 48.75 (25.79 to 104.78) | 85.94 (50.02 to 231.52) | P = 0.001 |
| IgM antiPC < = 10th percentile (%) | 23.40 | 10.17 | 0.0651 |
| IgM antiPC < = 25th percentile (%) | 40.43 | 23.73 | 0.0651 |
| IgM antiPC < = 33th percentile (%) | 57.45 | 28.81 | 0.0030 |
anti-PC, antibodies against PC; CR, C-reactive protein; HDL, high density lipoprotein; HOMA, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; LDL, low density lipoprotein; PC, phosphorylcholine; SLAM, Systemic Lupus Activity Measure; SLEDAI, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus diseases activity index; SLICC, Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics damage index.