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. 2011 Feb 21;60(3):884–889. doi: 10.2337/db10-0795

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© 2011 by the American Diabetes Association.

Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details.

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FIG. 3. — Immunohistochemical staining of IL-18, insulin, CXCL10, IFN-γ, and FasL. A–D: Triple-immunostaining of IL-18 (A), insulin (B), and CXCL10 (C). The merged image (D) shows that most β-cells express both IL-18 and CXCL10 (arrowheads). Some islet non–β-cells also express IL-18 and CXCL10 (orange, arrows) (×400, case 2). E–H: Triple-immunostaining of IL-18 (E), insulin (F), and IFN-γ (G). The merged image (H) shows that most β-cells express both IL-18 and IFN-γ (arrowheads) and that some islet non–β-cells also express IFN-γ (red) (×400, case 2). I: Serum levels of IFN-γ in patients with fulminant type 1 diabetes (FT1D) or with typical acute-onset type 1 diabetes (AT1D) and nondiabetic control (CT) subjects. Values are expressed as means ± SE; *P < 0.05. J: Immunostaining of Fas in islets affected by fulminant type 1 diabetes (brown) demonstrates strong expression of Fas in islet cells (×200, case 2). K–M: Double-immunofluorescent staining of insulin (K) and FasL (L). The merged image (M) shows that FasL-positive cells infiltrate the islets (×400, case 3). Color balance of M has been adjusted. (A high-quality digital representation of this figure is available in the online issue.)