Table 1.
General characteristics of the study population with and without PAD (n = 2517)
| Without PAD (n = 2414) |
With PAD (n = 103) |
P-valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 65.9 ± 7.9 | 70.4 ± 7.3 | <0.001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m² | 23.9 ± 2.8 | 23.4 ± 3.0 | 0.118 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 124.8 ± 16.3 | 129.6 ± 19.5 | 0.014 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 75.7 ± 10.5 | 74.8 ± 10.0 | 0.403 |
| Antihypertensive medications, n (%) | 813 (33.7) | 53 (51.5) | <0.001 |
| Fasting blood glucose, mg/dl | 113.3 ± 27.2 | 116.8 ± 33.1 | 0.205 |
| Antidiabetic medications, n (%) | 362 (15.0) | 34 (33.0) | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dl | 187.7 ± 37.7 | 189.9 ± 38.3 | 0.567 |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dl | 109.7 ± 35.7 | 114.0 ± 37.1 | 0.231 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dl | 49.3 ± 12.0 | 47.1 ± 10.0 | 0.073 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dlb | 143.7 ± 116.5 | 144.1 ± 96.4 | 0.977 |
| Lipid-lowering medications, n (%) | 150 (6.2) | 6 (5.8) | 0.873 |
| Uric acid, mg/dl | 5.8 ± 1.4 | 6.4 ± 1.9 | 0.001 |
| Alcohol consumption, gram/day | 14.8 ± 23.7 | 10.1 ± 20.0 | 0.023 |
| Regular exercise, n (%) | 492 (20.5) | 16 (15.7) | 0.239 |
| Age at starting smoking | 22.4 ± 5.6 | 22.9 ± 6.5 | 0.427 |
| Total years of smoking, years | 31.9 ± 13.8 | 36.8 ± 14.9 | 0.001 |
| Number of cigarettes per day | 17.9 ± 12.0 | 19.1 ± 12.7 | 0.356 |
| Pack-years of smoking | 21.5 ± 22.2 | 31.3 ± 29.7 | 0.001 |
| Mean ankle-brachial index | 1.147 ± 0.082 | 0.868 ± 0.117 | <0.001 |
Data are presented as means ± standard deviation or number (percentage).
PAD, peripheral arterial disease, was defined as an ankle-brachial index lesser than 0.90 in either leg; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein.
aP-value was obtained by Student's t-test or by chi-square test.
bP-value was obtained after log-transformation.