Table 3.
Summary of caspase activation after experimental seizure-induced neuronal death and the effects of caspase inhibitors on seizure-damage
| Inhibitor | Model | Time period and method of assessment | Hippocampal TUNEL counts | Hippocampal CA3 survivala | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caspase-1 | ESA | n.d. | n.d. | No effectb | [77] |
| Caspase-3 | IAK | 4-24 h (WB, A) | n.d. | Increased | [60] |
| ESA | n.d. | n.d. | Increased | [77] | |
| Caspase-8 | IAK | 0-72 h (WB, A) | Reduced | Increased | [67] |
| IAK | 0-72 h (WB) | Reduced | Increased | [61] | |
| Caspase-9 | IAK | 4-72 h (WB, A) | Reduced | Increased | [64] |
| IAK | 4-72 h (WB) | Reduced | Increased | [117] | |
| ESA | n.d. | n.d. | Increased | [77] | |
| viral p35 | SK | 8 h (A) | Reduced | n.d. | [66] |
Data are for CA3 subfield of the hippocampus. Inhibitors were: Ac-YVAD-cmk (caspase-1), z-DEVD-fmk (caspase-3), z-IETD-fmk (caspase-8) and z-LEHD-fmk (caspase-9).
a
Assessments made on either degenerating or remaining neurons in the CA3 part of the hippocampus.
b
Tendency to neuroprotection seen in dentate gyrus. Key: n.d., not determined; ESA, electrical stimulation of the amygdala; IAK, intra-amygdala kainic acid; SK, systemic kainic acid; WB, Western blot, A, enzyme assay.