Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of HIV-infected participants enrolled in a randomized trial comparing directly administered antiretroviral therapy to self administered therapy in opioid treatment programs, Baltimore, Maryland.
| Characteristic | Enrolled in studya (n = 107) | Declined to participatea (n = 12) |
|---|---|---|
| Opioid treatment program (enrollment site) | ||
| 1 | 39 (36) | 2 (17) |
| 2 | 35 (33) | 1 (8) |
| 3 | 8 (8) | 0 |
| 4 | 14 (13) | 9 (75) |
| 5 | 11 (10) | 0 |
| Female | 51 (48) | 7 (58) |
| Race | ||
| African American | 88 (82) | 7 (58) |
| Caucasian/other | 19 (18) | 5 (42) |
| Age, years | 47 (41-51) | 46 (38-51) |
| Education | ||
| Less than high school graduate | 51 (48) | |
| High school graduate or equivalent | 36 (34) | |
| Any college, n (%) | 20 (19) | |
| Marital status | ||
| Married or live with partner | 17 (16) | |
| Never married | 54 (51) | |
| Widowed | 9 (8) | |
| Divorced or separated | 27 (25) | |
| Considers himself/herself to be homeless | 32 (30) | |
| Housing/living situation | ||
| Own a house | 3 (3) | |
| Rent an apartment/house | 49 (46) | |
| Stay with family or friends | 35 (33) | |
| Residential drug treatment | 5 (5) | |
| Other residential facility or institution | 11 (10) | |
| Live on street or in single room occupancy hotel | 4 (4) | |
| Employed | 16 (15) | |
| Duration of methadone or buprenorphine treatment, months | 11 (2-49) | |
| Receiving methadone | 99 (93) | |
| Methadone dose, mg | 90 (70-120) | |
| Receiving buprenorphine | 8 (7) | |
| Buprenorphine dose, mg | 19 (14-27) | |
| Depression scoreb | 11 (5-15) | |
| Urine drug test, positive results | ||
| Cocaine | 42 (40)c | |
| Benzodiazepine | 14 (13)c | |
| Opiate (morphine/codeine) | 21 (20)c | |
| Oxycodone | 1 (1)c | |
| Nadir CD4 count, cells/mm3 | 102 (30-218) | |
| Current CD4 count, cells/mm3 | 182 (69-309) | |
| HIV RNA log10 copies/mL | 4.7 (4.0-5.1) | |
| Hospitalized in prior 3 months | 34 (32) | |
| Prior AIDS-defining opportunistic condition | 66 (62) | |
| Hepatitis C antibody positive | 87 (81) | |
| Antiretroviral naive | 21 (20) | |
| Category of prescribed antiretroviral regimen | ||
| PI + NRTIs | 83 (78) | |
| NNRTI + NRTIs | 16 (15) | |
| NRTIs only | 1 (1) | |
| Other | 7 (7) | |
| Drug classes included in antiretroviral regimen (not mutually exclusive) | ||
| NRTI | 97 (91) | |
| Ritonavir-boosted PI | 85 (79) | |
| PI (not boosted with ritonavir) | 4 (4) | |
| NNRTI | 21 (20) | |
| Integrase inhibitor | 7 (7) | |
| Dosing frequency of prescribed antiretroviral regimen | ||
| Once daily | 65 (61) | |
| Twice daily | 42 (39) |
PI, protease inhibitor; NRTI, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NNRTI, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor.
a Values are frequency (%) or median (interquartile range)
b Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale (7). Higher values indicate more numerous or more severe depressive symptoms (range 0 to 30).
c From 106 subjects.